Names of the Reptiles and Amphibians of North America

Original Description Citations for the
Reptiles and Amphibians of North America

Copyright and all rights reserved by Ellin Beltz, 2006
About this page:
  • The scientific names appear both forwards and backwards, separated by Order name, and are alphabetized by subspecific, specific or generic name.
  • If the describer's name is in parenthesis, the genus name has changed since naming.
  • If the description date is in quotation marks, that means that the date printed on the publication is not the same as the year it was actually published. Publication delays of this type were common when type was being set by hand.
  • The page number given is for the actual original description, not the whole article.
  • Each citation has been checked in the original journal by the author unless marked [tc] "to check." Citations for species new to this list and still to be found are marked [nc] for "need citation." Marked by [*] are problematic species, the status of which is changing or controversial. Names not currently accepted are marked "sunk." The symbol for which [:x] is my best approximation of "skull and cross-bones."
  • The material on which this is based appeared in part as a Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Circular, December 1995, 44 pages.
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abacura, Farancia Serpentes
Farancia abacura (Holbrook, 1836) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 119, pl. 23

abbotti, Coleonyx variegatus Lacertilia
Coleonyx variegatus abbotti Klauber, 1945 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, No. 11, p. 154

abyssus, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis abyssus Klauber, 1930 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 6, No. 3, p. 114, pl. 11, fig. 1

acricus, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus acricus Paulson, 1968 - Quarterly Journal Florida Acad. Sci., Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 295-308

Acris Salientia
Acris Dumeril and Bibron, 1841 - Erp. Gen., Vol. 8, p. 506

acutus, Crocodylus Crocodilia
Crocodylus acutus (Cuvier, 1807) - Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 10, p. 55, pl. 1, fig. 3, pl. 2, fig. 5

adamanteus, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus adamanteus Palisot de Beauvois, 1799 - Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 4, p. 368, figs. 1, 2

aeneus, Aneides Caudata
Aneides aeneus (Cope and Packard, 1881) - Amer. Nat., Vol. 15, No. 11, p. 878

aeneus, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus aeneus Brown and Bishop, 1947 - Copeia, p. 163

aeneus, Oxybelis Serpentes
Oxybelis aeneus (Wagler, 1824) - in Spix, Serp. Bras., p. 12, pl. 3

aesopus, Rana capito Salientia
Rana capito aesopus Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 517

aestivus, Opheodrys Serpentes
Opheodrys aestivus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 387

affinis, Pituophis catenifer Serpentes
Pituophis catenifer affinis Hallowell, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 181

agassizii, Chelonia mydas Testudines [:x]
Chelonia mydas agassizii Bocourt, 1868 - Ann. Sci. Nat., Ser. 5, Zool., Vol. 10, Pts. 1-3, p. 122

agassizii, Gopherus Testudines
Gopherus agassizii (Cooper, 1863) - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Vol. 2, p. 120

Agkistrodon Serpentes
Agkistrodon Palisot de Beauvois, 1799 - Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 4, p. 381

ainsworthi, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon ainsworthi Lazell, 1998

alabamensis, Necturus Caudata
Necturus alabamensis Viosca, 1937 - Copeia, p. 121

alabamensis, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys alabamensis Baur, 1893 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 31, p. 224

albagula, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon albagula Grobman, 1944 - Ann. New York Acad. Sci., Vol. 45, p. 283

alleganiensis, Cryptobranchus Caudata
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (Daudin, 1803) - Hist. Nat. Gen. Part. Rept., Vol. 8, p. 231

alleni, Regina Serpentes
Regina alleni (Garman, 1874) - Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 17, p. 92

Alligator Crocodilia
Alligator Cuvier, 1807 - Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 10, p. 25

alterna, Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis alterna (Brown, "1901" 1902) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 53, Feb. 6, 1902, p. 612

alvarius, Bufo Salientia
Bufo alvarius Girard, 1859 - in Baird, Report U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., p. 26, pl. 41, figs. 1-6

amabilis, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus amabilis Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 113

amaura, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum amaura Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 258

Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma Tschudi, "1838" 1839 - Classif. Batr., Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, p. 92

americanus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo americanus Holbrook, 1836 - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 75, pl. 9

amoenus, Carphophis Serpentes
Carphophis amoenus (Say, 1825) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 4, Pt. 2, p. 237

Amphiuma Caudata
Amphiuma Garden, 1821 - in Smith's Correspondence of Linnaeus, Vol. 1, p. 599 (descr. p. 333)

amplus, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon amplus Highton and Peabody, 2000

Anarbylus Lacertilia [:x]
Anarbylus Murphy, 1974 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, Vol. 40, No. 4, p. 87

andersonii, Hyla Salientia
Hyla andersonii Baird, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 60

Aneides Caudata
Aneides Baird, 1849 - in Heck, Iconographic Encycl. Zool., Vol. 2, p. 257

angusticlavius, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon angusticlavius Grobman, 1944 - Ann. New York Acad. Sci., Vol. 45, p. 266

annectens, Pituophis catenifer Serpentes
Pituophis catenifer annectens Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 72

annectens, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis annectens Brown, 1950 - Annotated Check-list rept. and amph. of Texas, Baylor Univ. Stud., p. 203

annectens, Tropidoclonion lineatum Serpentes [:x]
Tropidoclonion lineatum annectens Ramsey, 1953 - Herpetologica, Vol. 9, p. 12

Anniella Lacertilia
Anniella Gray, 1852 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, Vol. 10, p. 440

annulata, Chionactis occipitalis Serpentes
Chionactis occipitalis annulata (Baird, 1859) - U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., Pt. 2, p. 22, pl. 21

annulata, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata Kennicott, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 329

annulatum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma annulatum Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 525

annulatus, Sceloporus merriami Lacertilia
Sceloporus merriami annulatus Smith, 1937 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 50, p. 83

Anolis Lacertilia
Anolis Daudin, 1803 - Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 4, p. 50

anthicus, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor anthicus (Cope, 1862) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 14, p. 338

anthracinus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces anthracinus (Baird, 1849) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 1, p. 294

apalachicolae, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus apalachicolae Means and Karlin, 1989 - Herpetologica, Vol. 45, p. 38

Apalone Testudines
Apalone Rafinesque, 1832 - Atlantic J. Friend Knowledge Philadelphia, Vol. 2, No. 2, p. 64

approximans, Holbrookia maculata Lacertilia
Holbrookia maculata approximans Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 253

aquaticus, Thamnophis atratus Serpentes [:x]
Thamnophis atratus aquaticus Fox, 1951 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 50, p. 493, fig. 2

arenicola, Arizona elegans Serpentes
Arizona elegans arenicola Dixon, 1960 - Southwest. Natur., Vol. 5, No. 4, p. 226

arenicolor, Hyla Salientia
Hyla arenicolor Cope, 1886 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 6, p. 84

arenicolous, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus arenicolous Degenhardt and Jones, 1960 - Herpetologica, Vol. 28, p. 213

areolata, Rana Salientia
Rana areolata Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 173

argentea, Anniella nigra Lacertilia [:x]
Anniella nigra argentea Hunt, 1983 - Copeia, p. 86

aridus, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps aridus Brame, 1970 - Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., No. 200, p. 2

Arizona Serpentes
Arizona Kennicott, 1859 - in Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., Pt. 2, p. 18

arizonae, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus arizonae Van Denburgh, 1896 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol. 6, p. 344

arizonae, Thamnophis elegans Serpentes
Thamnophis elegans arizonae Tanner and Lowe, 1989 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 49, No. 4, p. 512

arizonae, Xantusia vigilis Lacertilia
Xantusia vigilis arizonae Klauber, 1931 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 7, p. 1 pl. 1

arizonense, Kinosternon flavescens Testudines
Kinosternon flavescens arizonense Gilmore, 1922 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 62, Art. 5, p. 2

arizonensis, Eumeces gilberti Lacertilia
Eumeces gilberti arizonensis Lowe and Shannon, 1954 - Herpetologica, Vol. 10, p. 185

arnyi, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus arnyi Kennicott, 1859 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 99

Ascaphus Salientia
Ascaphus Stejneger, 1899 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 21, p. 899

asper, Apalone spinifera Testudines
Apalone spinifera asper (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 405

aterrimus, Dicamptodon Caudata
Dicamptodon aterrimus (Cope, 1867) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 19, 2nd Series, p. 201

atratus, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis atratus (Kennicott, 1860) - in Cooper, Expl. Surv. R.R. Miss. Pacific, Vol. 12, Book 2, Pt. 3, No. 4, p. 296

atriceps, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla atriceps (Gunther, 1895) - Biol. Centr. Amer. Rept. and Batr., p. 146, pl. 52, fig. B

atrox, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus atrox Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 5

attenuatus, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps attenuatus (Eschscholtz, 1833) - Zool. Atlas, Pt. 5, p. 1, pl. 21, figs. 1-14

attenuatus, Ophisaurus Lacertilia
Ophisaurus attenuatus Cope, 1880 - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 17, p. 18

augusti, Eleutherodactylus Salientia
Eleutherodactylus augusti (Duges, 1879) - in Brocchi, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, Ser. 7, Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 21

aureolus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon aureolus Highton, 1984 - Brimleyana, Vol. 9, p. 2

auriceps, Crotaphytus collaris Lacertilia [:x]
Crotaphytus collaris auriceps Fitch and Tanner, 1951 - Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. 54, p. 553, figs. 1-2

auriculatus, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus auriculatus (Holbrook, 1838) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 3, p. 115, pl. 28

aurora, Rana Salientia
Rana aurora Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 174

australis, Bufo woodhousii Salientia
Bufo woodhousii australis Shannon and Lowe, 1955 - Herpetologica, Vol. 11, No. 3, p. 185

avivoca, Hyla Salientia
Hyla avivoca Viosca, 1928 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 41, p. 89

axanthus, Pseudobranchus Caudata
Pseudobranchus axanthus Netting and Goin, 1942 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 29, Art. 6, p. 183, pl. 1, figs. 1 and 2


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baileyi, Crotaphytus collaris Lacertilia [:x]
Crotaphytus collaris baileyi Stejneger, 1890 - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 3, p. 103, pl. 12, fig. 1

bairdi, Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe bairdi (Yarrow, 1880) - in Cope, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 41

bangsi, Pseudemys rubriventris Testudines [:x]
Pseudemys rubriventris bangsi Babcock, 1937 - Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 8, p. 293

barbouri, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma barbouri Kraus and Petranka, 1989 - Copeia, p. 95

barbouri, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys barbouri Carr and Marchand, 1942 - Proc. New England Zool. Club, Vol. 20, p. 98, pls. 14 and 15

barbouri, Sistrurus miliarius Serpentes
Sistrurus miliarius barbouri Gloyd, 1935 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 322, p. 2

bartramiana, Pseudacris crucifer Salientia
Pseudacris crucifer bartramiana (Harper, 1939) - Notulae Naturae, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, No. 27, p. 1

Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps Bonaparte, 1841 - Iconogr. Fauna Italica, Vol. 2, Fasc. 26, fol. 131, not paged

baudinii, Smilisca Salientia
Smilisca baudinii (Dumeril and Bibron, 1841) - Erp. Gen., Vol. 8, p. 564

bauri, Terrapene carolina Testudines
Terrapene carolina bauri Taylor, 1895 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 17, No. 1019, p. 576

baurii, Kinosternon Testudines
Kinosternon baurii (Garman, 1891) - Bull. Essex. Inst., Vol. 23, p. 141 (Note nomination of Baur, page 4 same journal)

baxteri, Bufo Salientia
Bufo baxteri Porter, 1968 - Evolution, Vol. 22, p. 593

becki, Sceloporus occidentalis Lacertilia
Sceloporus occidentalis becki Van Denburgh, 1905 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 3, Zool. Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 9, pl. 4

beldingi, Cnemidophorus hyperythrus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus hyperythrus beldingi Stejneger, 1894 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 17, p. 17

belli, Pseudobranchus axanthus Caudata
Pseudobranchus axanthus belli Schwartz, 1952 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 115, p. 1

bellii, Chrysemys picta Testudines
Chrysemys picta bellii (Gray, 1831) - Syn. Rept., p. 31

berlandieri, Gopherus Testudines
Gopherus berlandieri (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 447; Vol. 2, pl. 3, figs. 17-19

berlandieri, Rana Salientia
Rana berlandieri Baird, 1859 - Report U.S. Mex. Bound. Survey, Vol. 2, Pt. 2, Rept., p. 27, pl. 36, figs. 7-10

beyeri, Necturus Caudata
Necturus beyeri Viosca, 1937 - Copeia, p. 123

bezyi, Xantusia Lacertilia [tc]
Xantusia bezyi Papenfuss, Macey and Schulte, 2001 - Scientific Papers of the Natural History Museum The University of Kansas 23: 1-9.

bicinctores, Crotaphytus Lacertilia
Crotaphytus bicinctores Smith and Tanner, 1972 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 32, p. 27

bilineatus, Masticophis Serpentes
Masticophis bilineatus Jan, 1863 - Elenco Sist. Ofidi, p. 65

bimaculosus, Sceloporus magister Lacertilia [:x]
Sceloporus magister bimaculosus Phelan and Brattstrom, 1955 - Herpetologica, Vol. 11, p. 9

biscutatus, Thamnophis elegans Serpentes [:x]
Thamnophis elegans biscutatus (Cope, 1883) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 35, p. 21

biscutatus, Trimorphodon Serpentes
Trimorphodon biscutatus (Dumeril, Bibron and Dumeril, 1854) - Erpet. Gen., Vol. 7, Pt. 2, p. 1153

biseriatus, Sceloporus occidentalis Lacertilia
Sceloporus occidentalis biseriatus Hallowell, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 93

bishopi, Cryptobranchus alleganiensis Caudata
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi Grobman, 1943 - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 470, p. 6

bislineata, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea bislineata (Green, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 352

bissa, Eretmochelys imbricata Testudines
Eretmochelys imbricata bissa (Ruppell, 1835) - Neue Wirbelthiere zu de Fauna Von Abyssinien Gehorig, Vol. 3 , Amph., p. 4, pl. 2

blainvillii, Phrynosoma coronatum Lacertilia [:x]
Phrynosoma coronatum blainvillii Gray, 1839 - in J. Richardson, et al., Zool. Beechey's Voyage, p. 96, pl. 29, fig. 1

blairi, Rana Salientia
Rana blairi Mecham, Littlejohn, Oldham, Brown and Brown, 1973 - Occ. Pap. Texas Tech. Univ., Vol. 18, p. 3

blanchardi, Acris crepitans Salientia
Acris crepitans blanchardi Harper, 1947 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 60, p. 39

blanchardi, Opheodrys vernalis Serpentes [:x]
Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi Grobman, 1941 - Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 50, p. 11, figs. 1, 2, map 1

blandingii, Emydoidea Testudines
Emydoidea blandingii (Holbrook, 1838) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 3, p. 35, pl. 5

bocourtii, Sceloporus occidentalis Lacertilia
Sceloporus occidentalis bocourtii Boulenger, 1885 - Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2nd ed., Vol. 2, p. 229

bogerti, Coleonyx variegatus Lacertilia
Coleonyx variegatus bogerti Klauber, 1945 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, No. 11, p. 176

Bogertophis Serpentes
Bogertophis Dowling and Price, 1988 - The Snake, Vol. 20, p. 52

bombifrons, Spea Salientia
Spea bombifrons (Cope, 1863) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 15, p. 53

boreas, Bufo Salientia
Bufo boreas Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 174

bottae, Charina Serpentes
Charina bottae (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 289, pl. 26, figs. 1, 1B

boylii, Rana Salientia
Rana boylii Baird, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 62

brachyphona, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris brachyphona (Cope, 1889) - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 34, p. 341

brachystoma, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis brachystoma (Cope, 1892) - Amer. Nat., Vol. 26, p. 964

brevilineatus, Eumeces tetragrammus Lacertilia
Eumeces tetragrammus brevilineatus Cope, 1880 - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 18

brevirostre, Phrynosoma douglasii Lacertilia
Phrynosoma douglasii brevirostre (Girard, 1858) - U.S. Expl. Exp., Herp., p. 397

brevis, Coleonyx Lacertilia
Coleonyx brevis Stejneger, 1893 - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, p. 163

brimleyi, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris brimleyi Brandt and Walker, 1933 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 272, p. 2

brimleyorum, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus brimleyorum Stejneger, 1895 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 17, p. 597

browni, Phyllorhynchus Serpentes
Phyllorhynchus browni Stejneger, 1890 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 13, p. 152

brunus, Hydromantes Caudata
Hydromantes brunus Gorman, 1954 - Herpetologica, Vol. 10, p. 153

Bufo Salientia
Bufo Laurenti, 1768 - Syn. Rept., p. 25

burti, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus burti Taylor, 1938 - Sci. Bull. Univ. Kansas, Vol. 24, p. 485

butleri, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis butleri (Cope, 1889) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 11, p. 399


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cactorum, Eleutherodactylus augusti Salientia
Eleutherodactylus augusti cactorum Taylor, "1938" 1939 - Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., Vol. 25, No. 17, p. 391

cadaverina, Hyla Salientia
Hyla cadaverina Cope, 1866 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 6, No. 2, p. 84

caddoensis, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon caddoensis Pope and Pope, 1951 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 9, p. 148

caglei, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys caglei Haynes and McKown, 1974 - Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot., Vol. 18, No. 4, p. 143

cahuilae, Leptotyphlops humilis Serpentes
Leptotyphlops humilis cahuilae Klauber, 1931 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 6, No. 23, p. 339

calidiarum, Phrynosoma platyrhinos Lacertilia
Phrynosoma platyrhinos calidiarum (Cope, 1896) - Amer. Nat., Vol. 30, p. 833

californiae, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula californiae (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 292, pl. 27, fig. 1

californicus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo californicus Camp, 1915 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 12, p. 331

californiense, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma californiense Gray, 1853 - Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Vol. 21, p. 11, pl. 7

callicephalus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces callicephalus Bocourt, 1879 - Miss. Sci. Mex., Vol. 3, Pt. 6, p. 431, pl. 22 D, fig. 2, pl. 22 E, fig. 2

calligaster, Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis calligaster (Harlan, 1827) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 5, p. 359

Callisaurus Lacertilia
Callisaurus Blainville, 1835 - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 286

calvata, Apalone mutica Testudines
Apalone mutica calvata (Webb, 1959) - Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. 11, No. 9, p. 519

campi, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps campi Marlow, Brode and Wake, 1979 - Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., No. 308, p. 3

campi, Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides Salientia
Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides campi Stejneger, 1915 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 28, p. 131

campi, Holbrookia maculata Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Holbrookia maculata campi Schmidt, 1921

cancellosus, Eumeces gilberti Lacertilia
Eumeces gilberti cancellosus Rodgers and Fitch, 1947 - Univ. California. Publ. Zool., Vol. 48, p. 200, pl. 9

candida, Arizona occidentalis Serpentes
Arizona occidentalis candida Klauber, 1946 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, p. 364, pl. 8, fig. 2, text fig. 1, map

canorus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo canorus Camp, 1916 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 17, No. 6, p. 59

canum, Gyalopion Serpentes
Gyalopion canum (Cope, 1860) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 241, p. 243 (footnote)

capito, Rana Salientia
Rana capito Le Conte, 1855 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 425, pl. 5

Caretta Testudines
Caretta Rafinesque, 1814 - Rafinesque, Specchio Sci., Palermo, Vol. 2, No. 9, Sept. 1, p. 66

caretta, Caretta Testudines
Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 197

carinatus, Sternotherus Testudines
Sternotherus carinatus (Gray, "1855" 1856) - Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Jan. 22, 1856, p. 199

carolina, Terrapene Testudines
Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 198

carolinensis, Anolis Lacertilia
Anolis carolinensis (Voigt, 1832) - in Cuvier's Thierreich, Vol. 2, p. 71

carolinensis, Desmognathus Caudata [tc]
Desmognathus carolinensis (Dunn, 1916) - Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29:74

carolinensis, Gastrophryne Salientia
Gastrophryne carolinensis (Holbrook, 1836) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 83, pl. 11

Carphophis Serpentes
Carphophis Gervais, 1843 - D'Orbigny's Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat., Vol. 3, p. 191

cascadae, Rana Salientia
Rana cascadae Slater, 1939 - Herpetologica, Vol. 1, p. 145

cascadae, Rhyacotriton Caudata [nc][tc]
Rhyacotriton cascadae Good and Wake, 1992

catenatus, Sistrurus Serpentes
Sistrurus catenatus (Rafinesque, 1818) - Amer. Month. Mag. Crit. Rev., Vol. 4, No. 1, Nov. p. 41

catenifer, Pituophis Serpentes
Pituophis catenifer (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 290, pl. 26, figs. 2-2b

catesbeiana, Rana Salientia
Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802 - Gen. Zool., Vol. 3, Pt. 1, p. 106, pl. 33

celaenops, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops Stejneger, 1903 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 25, p. 153

Cemophora Serpentes
Cemophora Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 244

centrata, Malaclemys terrapin Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin centrata (Latreille, 1802) - Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 1, p. 145

cephaloflavus, Sceloporus magister Lacertilia [:x]
Sceloporus magister cephaloflavus Tanner, 1955 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 15, p. 32

cerastes, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus cerastes Hallowell, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 95

cerberus, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis cerberus (Coues, 1875) - in Wheeler's Rep. Surv. W. 100th Mer., Vol. 5, Zool., p. 606

cercobombus, Crotalus cerastes Serpentes
Crotalus cerastes cercobombus Savage and Cliff, 1953 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 119, p. 2

Charina Serpentes
Charina Gray, 1849 - Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus., p. 113

charlesmithi, Bufo americanus Salientia
Bufo americanus charlesmithi Bragg, 1954 - Wasmann Journ. Biol., Vol. 12, No. 2, p. 245

chattahoochee, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon chattahoochee Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 55

Chelonia Testudines
Chelonia Brongniart, 1800 - Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, Vol. 2, p. 89

Chelydra Testudines
Chelydra Schweigger, 1812 - Konigsberg. Arch. Natur. Math., Vol. 1, Pt. 3, p. 292

cheoah, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon cheoah Highton and Peabody, 2000

Chilomeniscus Serpentes
Chilomeniscus Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 339

Chionactis Serpentes
Chionactis Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 241

chiricahuensis, Rana Salientia
Rana chiricahuensis Platz and Mecham, 1979 - Copeia, p. 383

chisholmensis, Eurycea Caudata [nc][tc]
Eurycea chisholmensis Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000

chlorobryonis, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon chlorobryonis Mittleman, 1951 - Herpetologica, Vol. 7, p. 108

chrysea, Deirochelys reticularia Testudines
Deirochelys reticularia chrysea Schwartz, 1956 - Fieldiana, Zoology, Chicago Natl. Hist. Mus., Vol. 34, No. 41, p. 476

Chrysemys Testudines
Chrysemys Gray, 1844 - Cat. Tort. Brit. Mus., p. 27

chrysoscelis, Hyla Salientia
Hyla chrysoscelis Cope, 1880 - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 29

cinctum, Heloderma suspectum Lacertilia
Heloderma suspectum cinctum Bogert and Martin del Campo, 1956 - Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull., Vol. 109, Art. 1, p. 46

cinctus, Chilomeniscus Serpentes
Chilomeniscus cinctus Cope, 1861 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 303

cinerea, Hyla Salientia
Hyla cinerea (Schneider, 1799) - Hist. Amph., Vol. 1, p. 174

cinereus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon cinereus (Green, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 356

cingulatum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma cingulatum Cope, "1867" 1868 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 19, p. 205

cingulum, Masticophis flagellum Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum cingulum Lowe and Woodin, 1954 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 67, p. 247

circulosa, Rana areolata Salientia
Rana areolata circulosa Rice and Davis, 1878 - in Jordan, Manual of the Vertebrates of the Northeastern U.S., Ed. 2, p. 355

cirrigera, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea cirrigera (Green, 1830) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 253

clamitans, Rana Salientia
Rana clamitans Latreille, 1801 - in Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 2, p. 157

clarkii, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia clarkii (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 48

clarkii, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris clarkii (Baird, 1854) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 60

clarkii, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus clarkii Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 127

Clemmys Testudines
Clemmys Ritgen, 1828 - Nova Acta Acad. Leopold.-Carol., Vol. 14, Pt. 1, p. 272

Clonophis Serpentes
Clonophis Cope, 1889 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 11, p. 391

Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus Wagler, 1830 - Nat. Syst. Amph., p. 154

coccinea, Cemophora Serpentes
Cemophora coccinea (Blumenbach, 1788) - Voigt's Mag. Neu. Phys. Naturg., Vol. 5, Pt. 1, p. 11, pl. 1

coerulea, Elgaria Lacertilia
Elgaria coerulea (Wiegmann, 1828) - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 380

cognatus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo cognatus Say, 1823 - in James, Long's Exp. Rocky Mts., Vol. 2, p. 190

Coleonyx Lacertilia
Coleonyx Gray, 1845 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 1, Vol. 16, p. 162

collaris, Crotaphytus Lacertilia
Crotaphytus collaris (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 2, p. 252

Coluber Serpentes
Coluber Linnaeus, 1758 - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 216

columbianum, Ambystoma macrodactylum Caudata
Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum Ferguson, 1961 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 65, p. 313

compressicauda, Nerodia clarki Serpentes
Nerodia clarki compressicauda Kennicott, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 335

compressus, Ophisaurus Lacertilia
Ophisaurus compressus Cope, "1898" 1900 - Ann. Rept. U.S. Natl. Mus., p. 501, fig. 90

conanti, Agkistrodon piscivorus Serpentes
Agkistrodon piscivorus conanti Gloyd, 1969 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 82, p. 226

conanti, Desmognathus fuscus Caudata
Desmognathus fuscus conanti Rossman, 1958 - Herpetologica, Vol. 14, p. 158

concinna, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys concinna (Le Conte, 1830) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 3, p. 106

concinnus, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis concinnus (Hallowell, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 182

concolor, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis concolor Woodbury, 1929 - Bull. Univ. Utah, Vol. 20, No. 6, p. 3, figs. 1-2

confluens, Nerodia fasciata Serpentes
Nerodia fasciata confluens (Blanchard, 1923) - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 140, p. 1

Coniophanes Serpentes
Coniophanes Hallowell, 1860 - in Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 248

consobrinus, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus consobrinus Baird and Girard, 1854 - in Marcy, Expl. Red River, p. 224, pl. 10, figs. 5-12

constrictor, Coluber Serpentes
Coluber constrictor Linnaeus, 1758 - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 216

Contia Serpentes
Contia Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 110

contortrix, Agkistrodon Serpentes
Agkistrodon contortrix (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 373

copei, Bufo americanus Salientia [:x]
Bufo americanus copei Yarrow and Henshaw, 1878 - Report Batr. Calif. Ariz. Nev., p. 207; reprint p. 4

copei, Cemophora coccinea Serpentes
Cemophora coccinea Copei Jan, 1863 - Sist. Ofidi Gruppo Coronellidae, Arch. Zool. Anat. Fis., Vol. 2, p. 231

copei, Dicamptodon Caudata
Dicamptodon copei Nussbaum, 1970 - Copeia, p. 506

copeii, Gambelia wislizenii Lacertilia
Gambelia wislizenii copeii (Yarrow, 1882) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 5, p. 441

Cophosaurus Lacertilia
Cophosaurus Troschel, "1850" 1852 - Arch. Naturg., Vol. 16, Band 1, p. 389, pl. 6

corais, Drymarchon Serpentes
Drymarchon corais (Boie, 1827) - Isis, Vol. 20, p. 537

coriacea, Dermochelys Testudines [tc]
Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761) - Epistola de Holothurio, et Testudine coriacea ad celeberrimum Carolum Linnaeum Equitum Naturae Curiosum Dioscorcidem II. Conzatti, Patavii (Padova). 12 pp.

cornutum, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma cornutum (Harlan, 1825) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 4, p. 299, pl. 20

coronata, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla coronata Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 131

coronatum, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma coronatum (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 284, pl. 25, fig. 1

couchii, Scaphiopus Salientia
Scaphiopus couchii Baird, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 62

couchii, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis couchii (Kennicott, 1859) - U.S. Pacif. R.R. Surv., Vol. 10, Pt. 4, p. 10

couperi, Drymarchon Serpentes
Drymarchon couperi (Holbrook, 1842) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 2, Vol. 3, p. 75, pl. 16

cowlesi, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi Lowe and Norris, 1956 - Herpetologica, Vol. 12, p. 126

crepitans, Acris Salientia
Acris crepitans Baird, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 59

croceater, Ensatina eschscholtzii Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzii croceater (Cope, "1867" 1868) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 19, p. 210

croceum, Ambystoma macrodactylum Caudata
Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Russell and Anderson, 1956 - Herpetologica, Vol. 12, p. 137

Crocodylus Crocodilia
Crocodylus Laurenti, 1768 - Syn. Rept., p. 53

Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus Linnaeus, 1758 - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 214

Crotaphytus Lacertilia
Crotaphytus Holbrook, 1842 - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 2, Vol. 2, p. 79

crucifer, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris crucifer (Wied, 1838) - Reise Nord-Amer., Vol. 1, Pt. 5, p. 275

Cryptobranchus Caudata
Cryptobranchus Leuckart, 1821 - Encyklopadische Zeitung von Oken, Vol. 1, No. 6, p. 260, also an abstract in Isis, 1821, Lit. Anz., p. 259

cucullata, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla cucullata Minton, 1956 - Fieldiana, Zoology, Chgo. Natl. Hist. Mus., Vol. 34, No. 39, p. 449

cyanogenys, Sceloporus serrifer Lacertilia
Sceloporus serrifer cyanogenys Cope, 1885 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 22, p. 402

cyclas, Seminatrix pygaea Serpentes
Seminatrix pygaea cyclas Dowling, 1950 - Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 76, p. 14, map 1

cyclopion, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia cyclopion (Dumeril, Bibron and Dumeril, 1854) - Erpet. Gen., Vol. 7, Pt. 1, p. 576

cylindraceus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon cylindraceus (Harlan, 1825) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 5, p. 156-157

cyrtopsis, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis cyrtopsis (Kennicott, 1860) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 333

cystignathoides, Eleutherodactylus Salientia
Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides (Cope, 1877) - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 17, p. 89



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danielsi, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Caudata
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus danielsi (Blatchley, "1900" 1901) - 25 Ann. Rep. Dept. Geol. Indiana, p. 760

debilis, Bufo Salientia
Bufo debilis Girard, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 87

decorticatum, Ambystoma gracile Caudata [:x]
Ambystoma gracile decorticatum Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 522

decurtatus, Phyllorhynchus Serpentes
Phyllorhynchus decurtatus (Cope, 1868) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 20, p. 310

Deirochelys Testudines
Deirochelys Agassiz, 1857 - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 441

dekayi, Storeria Serpentes
Storeria dekayi (Holbrook, "1836" ? 1839) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, "1836", prob. 1839, p. 121, pl. 24

deltae, Regina rigida Serpentes
Regina rigida deltae (Huheey, 1959) - Copeia, p. 305

delticola, Graptemys nigrinoda Testudines
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola Folkerts and Mount, 1969 - Copeia, p. 677

depressus, Sternotherus Testudines
Sternotherus depressus Tinkle and Webb, 1955 - Tulane Stud. Zool. Vol. 3, No. 3, p. 53

Dermochelys Testudines
Dermochelys Blainville, 1816 - Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, p. 111 bis [=119]

deserticola, Hypsiglena torquata Serpentes [:x]
Hypsiglena torquata deserticola Tanner, "1944" 1945 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 5, p. 59, pl. 1, 3, fig. 3, map

deserticola, Pituophis catenifer Serpentes
Pituophis catenifer deserticola Stejneger, 1893 - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, p. 206

deserticola, Salvadora Serpentes
Salvadora deserticola Schmidt, 1940 - Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Series, Vol. 24, No. 12, p. 146, fig. 14

Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus Baird, 1850 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 1, p. 282 and p. 285

diabola, Tantilla rubra Serpentes [:x]
Tantilla rubra diabola Fouquette and Potter, 1961 - Copeia, p. 144

diaboli, Ambystoma tigrinum Caudata
Ambystoma tigrinum diaboli Dunn, 1940 - Copeia, p. 160

diabolicus, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps, diabolicus Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998

diabolicus, Thamnophis proximus Serpentes
Thamnophis proximus diabolicus Rossman, 1963 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 7, p. 135

Diadophis Serpentes
Diadophis Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 112

diastictus, Pseudotriton Caudata
Pseudotriton diastictus Bishop, 1941 - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 451, p. 14, pl. 2

Dicamptodon Caudata
Dicamptodon Strauch, 1870 - Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersburg, Ser. 7, Vol. 16, No. 4, p. 68

Dipsosaurus Lacertilia
Dipsosaurus Hallowell, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 92

dissectus, Leptotyphlops dulcis Serpentes
Leptotyphlops dulcis dissectus (Cope, 1896) - Amer. Nat., Vol. 30, p. 753

dixoni, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus dixoni Scudday, 1973 - J. Herp., Vol. 7, No.4, p. 364

dorsalis, Acris gryllus Salientia
Acris gryllus dorsalis (Harlan, 1827) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 5, p. 340

dorsalis, Chrysemys picta Testudines
Chrysemys picta dorsalis Agassiz, 1857 - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 440

dorsalis, Dipsosaurus Lacertilia
Dipsosaurus dorsalis (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 126

dorsalis, Notophthalmus viridescens Caudata
Notophthalmus viridescens dorsalis (Harlan, 1828) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 101

dorsalis, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon dorsalis Cope, 1889 - Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus., No. 34, p. 138

dorsalis, Rhinophrynus Salientia
Rhinophrynus dorsalis Dumeril and Bibron, 1841 - Erp. Gen., Vol. 8, p. 758

dorsalis, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis dorsalis (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 31

douglasii, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma douglasii (Bell, 1833) - Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Vol. 16, p. 105, pl. 10

draconoides, Callisaurus Lacertilia
Callisaurus draconoides Blainville, 1835 - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 286, pl. 24, fig. 2

draytonii, Rana aurora Salientia
Rana aurora draytonii Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 174

Drymarchon Serpentes
Drymarchon Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 26

Drymobius Serpentes
Drymobius Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 26

dulcis, Leptotyphlops Serpentes
Leptotyphlops dulcis (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 142

dunni, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Caudata
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus dunni Mittleman and Jopson, 1941 - Smithsonian Misc. Coll. 101, No. 2, July 14, p. 2, pl. 1

dunni, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon dunni Bishop, 1934 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 47, p. 169

duryi, Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Caudata
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus duryi (Weller, 1930) - Proc. Junior Soc. Nat. Sci., Cincinnati, Vol. 1, Nos. 5-6, p. [6]



E
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eburnata, Arizona elegans Serpentes
Arizona elegans eburnata Klauber, 1946 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, p. 350, pl. 8, fig. 1, text fig. 1, map

edwardsii, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (Merrem, 1820) - Tent. Syst. Amphib., p. 136

edwardsii, Sistrurus catenatus Serpentes
Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 15

egregius, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces egregius (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 256

Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe Fitzinger in Wagler, 1833 - Descr. Icon. Amph., Pt. 3, text to plate 27

elapsoides, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum elapsoides (Holbrook, 1838) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 2, p. 123, pl. 28

electromorphus, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon electromorphus Highton, 1999

elegans, Arizona Serpentes
Arizona elegans Kennicott, 1859 - in Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., Pt. 2, p. 18, pl. 13

elegans, Holbrookia Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Holbrookia elegans Bocourt, 1874

elegans, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis elegans (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 34

elegans, Trachemys scripta Testudines
Trachemys scripta elegans (Wied, 1838) - Reise Nord-Amer., Vol. 1, Pt. 4, p. 213

elegans, Uta stansburiana Lacertilia
Uta stansburiana elegans Yarrow, 1882 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 5, p. 442

elegans, Virginia valeriae Serpentes
Virginia valeriae elegans Kennicott, 1859 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 99

Eleutherodactylus Salientia
Eleutherodactylus Dumeril and Bibron, 1841 - Erpet. Gen., Vol. 8, p. 620

Elgaria Lacertilia
Elgaria Gray, 1838 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Vol. 1, p. 390

elongatus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon elongatus Van Denburgh, 1916 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, Vol. 6, No. 7, p. 216

elongatus, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus elongatus Stejneger, 1890 - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 3, p. 111

emoryi, Apalone spinifera Testudines
Apalone spinifera emoryi (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 407; Vol. 2, pl. 6, figs. 4 and 5

emoryi, Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe emoryi (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 157

Emydoidea Testudines
Emydoidea Gray, 1870 - Supp. Cat. Shield Rept. Brit. Mus., Pt. 1, p. 19

Ensatina Caudata
Ensatina Gray, 1850 - Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad., p. 48

ensatus, Dicamptodon Caudata
Dicamptodon ensatus (Eschscholtz, 1833) - Zool. Atlas, Pt. 5, p. 6, pl. 22

eques, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis eques (Reuss, 1834) - Mus. Senckenberg. Abh., Vol. 1, p. 152, pl. 8, fig. 2

erebennus, Drymarchon corais Serpentes
Drymarchon corais erebennus (Cope, 1860) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 342, p. 564

Eretmochelys Testudines
Eretmochelys Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 30

ernsti, Graptemys Testudines [tc]
Graptemys ernsti Lovich and McCoy, 1992 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 61, pages 293-315 (293).

erythrocheilus, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus erythrocheilus Maslin, 1956 - Herpetologica, Vol. 12, p. 291

erythrogaster, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia erythrogaster (Forster, 1771) - in Bossu, Travels through that part of N. America formerly called Louisiana, Vol. 1, p. 364, n.

erytrogramma, Farancia Serpentes
Farancia erytrogramma (Palisot de Beauvois, 1801) - in Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 3, p. 88

eschscholtzii, Ensatina Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzi Gray, 1850 - Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad., p. 48

etheridgei, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor etheridgei Wilson, 1970 - Texas Journ. Sci., Vol. 22, No. 1, p. 75

Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces Wiegmann, 1834 - Herp. Mex., p. 36

Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea Rafinesque, 1822 - Kentucky Gazette, Lexington, N. S., Vol. 1, No. 9, Feb. 28, p. 3, column 6

euryxanthus, Masticophis lateralis Serpentes
Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus (Riemer, 1954) - Copeia, p. 45

euryxanthus, Micruroides Serpentes
Micruroides euryxanthus (Kennicott, 1860) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 337

eximia, Hyla Salientia
Hyla eximia Baird, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 61

exsanguis, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus exsanguis Lowe, 1956 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 10, p. 138

exsul, Bufo Salientia
Bufo exsul Myers, 1942 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 460, p. 3, pl. 1 and 2

exsul, Crotalus Serpentes [nc][tc]
Crotalus exsul Garman, 1883

extenuatum, Stilosoma Serpentes
Stilosoma extenuatum Brown, 1890 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 42, p. 199



F
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Farancia Serpentes
Farancia Gray, 1842 - Zool. Misc., p. 68

fasciata, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia fasciata (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 378

fasciatus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces fasciatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 209

femoralis, Hyla Salientia
Hyla femoralis Bosc, 1800 - in Daudin, Hist. Nat. Quadr. Ovip., Vol. 1, p. 10

feriarum, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris feriarum (Baird, 1854) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 60

ferox, Apalone Testudines
Apalone ferox (Schneider, 1783) - Naturg. Schildkr., p. 330

ferreus, Aneides Caudata
Aneides ferreus Cope, 1869 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 21, p. 109

Ficimia Serpentes
Ficimia Gray, 1849 - Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus., p. 80

fitchi, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi Fox, 1951 - Copeia, p. 264

flagellicaudus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus flagellicaudus Lowe and Wright, 1964 - Journ. Arizona Acad. Sci., Vol. 3, p. 79

flagellum, Masticophis Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum (Shaw, 1802) - Gen. Zool., Vol. 3, p. 475

flavescens, Kinosternon Testudines
Kinosternon flavescens (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 430; Vol. 2, pl. 5, figs. 12-15

flavigaster, Nerodia erythrogaster Serpentes
Nerodia erythrogaster flavigaster (Conant, 1949) - Copeia, p. 2, pl. 1, fig. 3

flavilata, Rhadinaea Serpentes
Rhadinaea flavilata (Cope, 1871) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 23, p. 222

flavimaculata, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys flavimaculata Cagle, 1954 - Tulane Stud. Zool., Vol. 1, No. 11, p. 167, fig. 2

flavipunctatus, Aneides Caudata
Aneides flavipunctatus (Strauch, 1870) - Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersburg, Ser. 7, Vol. 16, No. 4, p. 71

flavissimus, Pseudotriton montanus Caudata
Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus Hallowell, 1856 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 130

flaviventris, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor flaviventris Say, 1823 - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 1, p. 185

floridana, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula floridana Blanchard, 1919 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 70, p. 1, pl. 1, fig. 1

floridana, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia floridana (Goff, 1936) - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 327, p. 1

floridana, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys floridana (Le Conte, 1830) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 3, p. 100

floridana, Rhineura Lacertilia
Rhineura floridana (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 255

floridanus, Pseudotriton montanus Caudata
Pseudotriton montanus floridanus Netting and Goin, 1942 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 29, Art. 6, p. 175, pl. 1, fig. 5

fodiens, Pternohyla Salientia
Pternohyla fodiens Boulenger, 1882 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, Vol. 10, p. 326

fourchensis, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon fourchensis Duncan and Highton, 1979 - Copeia, p. 109

fowleri, Bufo Salientia
Bufo fowleri Hinckley, 1882 - Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 21, p. 310

foxii, Coluber constrictor Serpentes [:x]
Coluber constrictor foxii (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 96

fragilis, Leptodactylus Salientia [:x]
Leptodactylus fragilis (Brocchi, 1877) - Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, Ser. 7, Vol. 1, p. 182

frontale, Phrynosoma coronatum Lacertilia [:x]
Phrynosoma coronatum frontale Van Denburgh, 1894 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol. 4, p. 296

fuliginosus, Masticophis flagellum Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum fuliginosus (Cope, 1895) - Amer. Nat., Vol. 29, p. 679

fulvius, Micrurus Serpentes
Micrurus fulvius (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 381

fuscus, Crotaphytus collaris Lacertilia [:x]
Crotaphytus collaris fuscus Ingram and Tanner, 1971 - Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull., Vol. 13, (2), p. 23

fuscus, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus fuscus (Green, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, No. 1., p. 357



G
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gabrieli, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps gabrieli Wake, 1996 [nc][tc]

gaigeae, Eumeces multivirgatus Lacertilia
Eumeces multivirgatus gaigeae Taylor, 1935 (orig. spelling "gaigei") - Sci. Bull. Univ. Kansas, Vol. 22, No. 11, p. 219

gaigeae, Trachemys Testudines
Trachemys gaigeae (Hartweg, 1939) - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 397, Jan. 12, p. 1

Gambelia Lacertilia
Gambelia Baird, 1859 - U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Pt. 2, p. 7

garmani, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus garmani Boulenger, 1882 - Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 761, pl. 56

Gastrophryne Salientia
Gastrophryne Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 33

gavilanensis, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps gavilanensis Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001

gentilis, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum gentilis (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 90

geographica, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys geographica (Le Sueur, 1817) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, Pt. 1, p. 86, pl. 5

Gerrhonotus Lacertilia
Gerrhonotus Wiegmann, 1828 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 379

getula, Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 382

gibbonsi, Graptemys Testudines [nc][tc]
Graptemys gibbonsi Lovich and McCoy, 1992 - Ann. Carnegie Museum 61:293-315.

gigas, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis gigas Fitch, 1940 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 44, p. 69

gilberti, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces gilberti Van Denburgh, 1896 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol. 6, p. 350

girardi, Masticophis taeniatus Serpentes
Masticophis taeniatus girardi (Stejneger and Barbour, 1917) - Check List N. Amer. Amph. Rept., Ed. 1, p. 80

gloydi, Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe gloydi Conant, 1940 - Herpetologica, Vol. 2, p. 2, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2, text fig. 1, map 1

gloydi, Heterodon nasicus Serpentes
Heterodon nasicus gloydi Edgren, 1952 - Nat. Hist. Misc., Chgo. Acad. Sci., No. 112, p. 3

glutinosus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon glutinosus (Green, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 357

Gopherus Testudines
Gopherus Rafinesque, 1832 - Atlantic Journ., Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 64

gorzugi, Pseudemys concinna Testudines
Pseudemys concinna gorzugi Ward, 1984 - Spec. Publ. Museum Texas Tech. Univ., Vol. 21, p. 29

gracia, Charina trivirgata Serpentes
Charina trivirgata gracia Klauber, 1931 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 6, No. 20, p. 307

gracile, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma gracile (Baird, 1859) - Pacific R. R. Report, Vol. 10, Williamson's Route, Pt. 4, No. 4, p. 13, pl. 44, fig. 2

gracilis, Cnemidophorus tigris Lacertilia [:x]
Cnemidophorus tigris gracilis Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 128

gracilis, Sceloporus graciousus Lacertilia
Sceloporus graciosus Baird & Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, 1852, p. 175.

gracilis, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla gracilis Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 132

gracilis, Xantusia henshawi Lacertilia
Xantusia henshawi gracilis Grismer and Galvan, 1986 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 21, No. 10, p. 155

graciosus, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus graciosus Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

graciosus, Urosaurus Lacertilia
Urosaurus graciosus Hallowell, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 92

grahamiae, Salvadora Serpentes
Salvadora grahamiae Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 104

grahamii, Regina Serpentes
Regina grahamii Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 47

grammicus, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus grammicus Wiegmann, 1828 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 370

granulosa, Taricha Caudata
Taricha granulosa (Skilton, 1849) - Amer. Journ. Sci. Arts., Ser. 2, Vol. 7, p. 202, pl. 1

Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys Agassiz, 1857 - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 436

gratiosa, Hyla Salientia
Hyla gratiosa Le Conte, 1856 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 146, pl. 4

gregarius, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps gregarius Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998

griseogaster, Eurycea multiplicata Caudata
Eurycea multiplicata griseogaster Moore and Hughes, 1941 - Copeia, p. 139

grobmani, Plethodon Caudata [tc]
Plethodon grobmani Allen and Neill, 1949 - Herpetologica Vol. 5, page 112

grylio, Rana Salientia
Rana grylio Stejneger, 1901 - Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 24, p. 212

gryllus, Acris Salientia
Acris gryllus (Le Conte, 1825) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 282

guadalupensis, Apalone spinifera Testudines
Apalone spinifera guadalupensis (Webb, 1962) - Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. 13, No. 10, p. 517

gularis, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus gularis Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 128

gulolineatus, Gyrinophilus palleucus Caudata
Gyrinophilus palleucus gulolineatus Brandon, 1965 - Copeia, p. 347

guttata, Clemmys Testudines
Clemmys guttata (Schneider, 1792) - Schr. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin, Vol. 10, p. 264

guttata, Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe guttata (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 385

guttilatus, Eleutherodactylus Salientia
Eleutherodactylus guttilatus (Cope, 1879) - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 18, p. 264

guttolineata, Eurycea longicauda Caudata
Eurycea longicauda guttolineata (Holbrook, 1838) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 2, p. 61, pl. 12

Gyalopion Serpentes
Gyalopion Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 243

gypsi, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Cnemidophorus gypsi Wright and Lowe, 1993

Gyrinophilus Caudata
Gyrinophilus Cope, 1869 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 21, p. 108



H
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Haideotriton Caudata
Haideotriton Carr, 1939 - Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 8, p. 334

halophilus, Bufo boreas Salientia
Bufo boreas halophilus Baird and Girard, 1853 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 301

hammondii, Spea Salientia
Spea hammondii (Baird, 1859) - Rep. Pacif. R.R. Survey, Vol. 10, Williamson's Route, Pt. 4, No. 4, p. 12, pl. 28, fig. 2 ["1857" 1859]

hammondii, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis hammondii (Kennicott, 1860) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 332

hardii, Aneides Caudata
Aneides hardii (Taylor, 1941) - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 54, p. 77

harteri, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia harteri (Trapido, 1941) - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 25, p. 673

hartwegi, Apalone spinifera Testudines
Apalone spinifera hartwegi (Conant and Goin, 1948) - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 510, p. 1, map 1, pl. 1 and 2

haydenii, Thamnophis radix Serpentes [:x]
Thamnophis radix haydenii (Kennicott, 1860) - in Cooper, Expl. Surv. R. R. Miss. Pacific, Vol. 12, Book 2, Pt. 3, No. 4, p. 298, pl. 14

heckscheri, Rana Salientia
Rana heckscheri Wright, 1924 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 37, p. 143, pl. 11 and 12, fig. 2

helenae, Carphophis amoenus Serpentes
Carphophis amoenus helenae (Kennicott, 1859) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 100

helleri, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis helleri Meek, 1905 - Field Columb. Mus. Publ. Zool., Vol. 7, p. 17

Heloderma Lacertilia
Heloderma Wiegmann, 1829 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 22, p. 624

helvigularis, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor helvigularis Auffenberg, 1955 - Tulane Stud. Zool., Vol. 2, No. 6, p. 105

Hemidactylium Caudata
Hemidactylium Tschudi, "1838" 1839 - reprinted in Classif. Batr., Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, p. 59

hemiophrys, Bufo Salientia
Bufo hemiophrys Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 515

henshawi, Xantusia Lacertilia
Xantusia henshawi Stejneger, 1893 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 16, p. 467

heptagrammus, Cnemidophorus inornatus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus Axtell, 1961 - Copeia, p. 153

hernandesi, Phrynosoma douglasii Lacertilia
Phrynosoma douglasii hernandesi (Girard, 1858) - U.S. Expl. Exp., Herp. p. 395

Heterodon Serpentes
Heterodon Latreille, 1801 - in Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 4, p. 32

hexalepis, Salvadora Serpentes
Salvadora hexalepis (Cope, "1866" 1867) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 18, p. 304

hieroglyphica, Pseudemys concinna Testudines [:x]
Pseudemys concinna hieroglyphica (Holbrook, 1836) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 47, pl. 2

hippocrepis, Kinosternon subrubrum Testudines
Kinosternon subrubrum hippocrepis Gray, "1855" 1856 - Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Jan. 22, p. 198

hirtipes, Kinosternon Testudines
Kinosternon hirtipes (Wagler, 1833) - Nat. Syst. Amph., Vol. 3, Tab 30, p. 137, fig. 1-2 and 3

hobartsmithi, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla hobartsmithi Taylor, "1936" 1937 - Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. 39, p. 340

hoffmani, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon hoffmani Highton, "1971" 1972 - in Holt et al., Res. Div. Monogr., No. 4, Pt. 3, Vertebrates, Virginia Polytechnic Inst., p. 151,

holbrooki, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula holbrooki Stejneger, 1902 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 25, p. 152

Holbrookia Lacertilia
Holbrookia Girard, 1851 - Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., New Haven, Vol. 4, p. 200

holbrookii, Scaphiopus Salientia
Scaphiopus holbrookii (Harlan, 1835) - Medical and Physical Researches, p. 105

horridus, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus horridus Linnaeus, 1758 - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 214

houstonensis, Bufo Salientia
Bufo houstonensis Sanders, 1953 - Herpetologica, Vol. 9, No. 1, p. 27, fig. 1

hoyi, Pseudemys floridana Testudines [:x]
Pseudemys floridana hoyi (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 433

hubrichti, Phaeognathus Caudata
Phaeognathus hubrichti Highton, 1961 - Copeia, p. 67

hubrichti, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon hubrichti Thurow, 1957 - Herpetologica, Vol. 13, p. 59

humilis, Leptotyphlops Serpentes
Leptotyphlops humilis (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 143

hurterii, Scaphiopus Salientia
Scaphiopus hurterii Strecker, 1910 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 23, p. 116

hyacinthinus, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus hyacinthinus (Green, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, p. 349

Hydromantes Caudata
Hydromantes Gistel, 1848 - Naturgesch. Thierr., p. xi

hydrophilus, Thamnophis atratus Serpentes
Thamnophis atratus hydrophilus Fitch, 1936 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 17, p. 648

Hyla Salientia
Hyla Laurenti, 1768 - Syn. Rept., p. 32

Hylactophryne Salientia [:x]
Hylactophryne Lynch, 1968 - Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. 17, p. 511

hyperythrus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus hyperythrus Cope, 1863 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 15, p. 103

Hypopachus Salientia
Hypopachus Keferstein, 1867 - Nachr. Ges. Wiss Gottingen, Vol. 18, p. 351

Hypsiglena Serpentes
Hypsiglena Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 246



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idahoensis, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon idahoensis Slater and Slip, 1940 - Occ. Papers Dept. Biol. Univ. Puget Sound, Vol. 8, p. 38, figs. 1-2

illinoensis, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris illinoensis Smith, 1951 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 9, p. 191

imbricata, Eretmochelys Testudines
Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 350

imitator, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus imitator Dunn, 1927 - Copeia, p. 84

imperialis, Coniophanes Serpentes
Coniophanes imperialis (Baird, 1859) - U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., Pt. 2, p. 23, pl. 19, fig. 1

incognitus, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps incognitus Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001

inexpectatus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces inexpectatus Taylor, 1932 - Sci. Bull. Univ. Kansas, Vol. 20, No. 13, p. 251

infernalis, Gerrhonotus Lacertilia
Gerrhonotus infernalis Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 255

infernalis, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis infernalis (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 291, pl. 26, fig. 3

infralabialis, Lampropeltis pyromelana Serpentes [:x]
Lampropeltis pyromelana infralabialis Tanner, 1953 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 13, No. 1-2, p. 56

inornata, Uma notata Lacertilia [:x]
Uma notata inornata Cope, 1895 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 29, p. 93

inornatus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus inornatus Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 255

insculpta, Clemmys Testudines
Clemmys insculpta (Le Conte, 1830) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 3, p. 112

insidior, Bufo debilis Salientia
Bufo debilis insidior Girard, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 88

insularis, Crotaphytus Lacertilia [:x]
Crotaphytus insularis Van Denburgh and Slevin, 1921 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, Vol. 11, p. 96

insularis, Eumeces egregius Lacertilia
Eumeces egregius insularis Mount, 1965 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 9, p. 210

insularum, Nerodia sipedon Serpentes
Nerodia sipedon insularum (Conant and Clay, 1937) - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 346, p. 1

intermedia, Senticolis triaspis Serpentes
Senticolis triaspis intermedia (Boettger, 1883) - Ber. Offenbach. Ver. Naturk., Vol. 22-23, p. 148

intermedia, Siren Caudata
Siren intermedia Barnes, 1826 - Amer. Journ. Sci., Vol. 11, p. 269

intermontana, Spea Salientia
Spea intermontana (Cope, 1883) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 35, p. 15

interparietalis, Eumeces skiltonianus Lacertilia
Eumeces skiltonianus interparietalis Tanner, "1957" 1958 - Great Basin Naturalist, Vol. 17, p. 73



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jani, Hypsiglena torquata Serpentes
Hypsiglena torquata jani (Duges, 1866) - Mem. Acad. Sci. Lett. Montpellier, Vol. 6, p. 32

jarrovii, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus jarrovii Cope, 1875 - in Yarrow, in Wheeler's W. 100th Mer., Vol. 5, Zool., p. 569, pl. 23, figs. 2-2c

jeffersoni, Desmognathus monticola Caudata [:x]
Desmognathus monticola jeffersoni Hoffman, 1951 - Journ. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc., Vol. 66, p. 250, pl. 17, fig. 2, map 1

jeffersonianum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma jeffersonianum (Green, 1827) - Contr. Maclurean Lyc., Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 4, pl. 1, fig. 1

jordani, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon jordani Blatchley, "1900" 1901 - 25th Ann. Rep. Dept. Geol. Indiana, p. 762

junaluska, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea junaluska Sever, Dundee and Sullivan, 1976 - Herpetologica, Vol. 32, p. 26



K
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kalmi, Pseudacris feriarum Salientia
Pseudacris feriarum kalmi Harper, 1955 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sciences], No. 150, p. 1

kawia, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps kawia Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998

kempii, Lepidochelys Testudines
Lepidochelys kempii (Garman, 1880) - Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, Vol. 6, p. 123

kennerlyi, Heterodon nasicus Serpentes
Heterodon nasicus kennerlyi Kennicott, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 336

kentucki, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon kentucki Mittleman, 1951 - Herpetologica, Vol. 7, p. 105

kezeri, Rhyacotriton Caudata [nc][tc]
Rhyacotriton kezeri Good and Wake, 1992

kiamichi, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon kiamichi Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 62

kingii, Elgaria Lacertilia
Elgaria kingii Gray, 1838 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 1, Vol. 1, p. 390

Kinosternon Testudines
Kinosternon Spix, 1824 - Testud. Brasil, p. 17

kirtlandii, Clonophis Serpentes
Clonophis kirtlandii (Kennicott, 1856) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 95

kisatchie, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon kisatchie Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 67

klauberi, Chionactis occipitalis Serpentes
Chionactis occipitalis klauberi (Stickel, 1941) - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 6, p. 138

klauberi, Crotalus lepidus Serpentes
Crotalus lepidus klauberi Gloyd, 1936 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 337, p. 2, pl. 1, fig. 1

klauberi, Ensatina eschscholtzii Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzii klauberi Dunn, 1929 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 74, Art. 25, p. 2

klauberi, Hypsiglena torquata Serpentes [:x]
Hypsiglena torquata klauberi Tanner, "1944" 1945 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 5, p. 71, pl. 1, map

kohnii, Graptemys pseudogeographica Testudines
Graptemys pseudogeographica kohnii (Baur, 1890) - Science, Ser. 1, Vol. 16, p. 263

krausei, Ambystoma macrodactylum Caudata
Ambystoma macrodactylum krausei Peters, 1882 - Gesell. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, Vol. 10, 1882, p. 145



L
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labialis, Leptodactylus Salientia
Leptodactylus labialis (Cope, 1877) - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 17, p. 90

lacerata, Holbrookia Lacertilia
Holbrookia lacerata Cope, 1880 - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 15

lacertina, Siren Caudata
Siren lacertina Linnaeus, 1766 - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, Pt. 2, sign. Rrrr 5, Addenda (not paged)

lambda, Trimorphodon biscutatus Serpentes
Trimorphodon biscutatus lambda Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 286

Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 25

laredoensis, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus laredoensis McKinney, Kay and Anderson, 1973 - Herpetologica, Vol. 29, p. 361

larselli, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon larselli Burns, 1954 - Herpetologica, Vol. 10, p. 83

laterale, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma laterale Hallowell, 1856 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 6

lateralis, Masticophis Serpentes
Masticophis lateralis (Hallowell, 1853) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 237

lateralis, Scincella Lacertilia
Scincella lateralis (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 2, p. 324

laterorepens, Crotalus cerastes Serpentes
Crotalus cerastes laterorepens Klauber, 1944 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, p. 94, fig. 2, map

laticeps, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces laticeps (Schneider, 1801) - Hist. Amph., Vol. 2, p. 189

laticinctus, Agkistrodon contortrix Serpentes
Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus Gloyd and Conant, 1934 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 283, p. 2, 1 pl.

latitans, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea latitans Smith and Potter, 1946 - Herpetologica, Vol. 3, p. 106

latrans, Eleutherodactylus augusti Salientia
Eleutherodactylus augusti latrans (Cope, 1880) - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 25

latrunculus, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor latrunculus Wilson, 1970 - Texas Journ. Sci., Vol. 22, No. 1, p. 78

lecontei, Rhinocheilus Serpentes
Rhinocheilus lecontei Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 120

Lepidochelys Testudines
Lepidochelys Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 30

lepidus, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus lepidus (Kennicott, 1861) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 206

Leptodactylus Salientia
Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 - Neue Classif. der Rept., p. 38

Leptodeira Serpentes
Leptodeira Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 27

Leptotyphlops Serpentes
Leptotyphlops Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 24

leucostoma, Agkistrodon piscivorus Serpentes
Agkistrodon piscivorus leucostoma (Troost, 1836) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 3, p. 176, pl. 5, figs. 1-4

Leurognathus Caudata [:x]
Leurognathus Moore, 1899 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 51, p. 316

levis, Urosaurus ornatus Lacertilia [:x]
Urosaurus ornatus levis (Stejneger, 1890) - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 3, p. 108

lewisi, Necturus Caudata
Necturus lewisi Brimley, 1924 - Journ. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc., Vol. 11, p. 167

Lichanura Serpentes [:x]
Lichanura Cope, 1861 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 304

Limnaoedus Salientia [:x]
Limnaoedus Mittleman and List, 1953 - Copeia, Vol. 2, p. 83

limnetes, Storeria dekayi Serpentes
Storeria dekayi limnetes Anderson, 1961 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 66, p. 246

lindheimerii, Elaphe obsoleta Serpentes
Elaphe obsoleta lindheimerii (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 74

linearis, Urosaurus ornatus Lacertilia [:x]
Urosaurus ornatus linearis (Baird, 1859) - U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Pt. 2, p. 7

lineata, Salvadora grahamiae Serpentes
Salvadora grahamiae lineata Schmidt, 1940 - Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Series, Vol. 24, No. 12, p. 148, fig. 15

lineatulus, Masticophis flagellum Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum lineatulus Smith, 1941 - Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., Vol. 31, No. 9, p. 394

lineatum, Tropidoclonion Serpentes
Tropidoclonion lineatum (Hallowell, 1856) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 241

lineolatus, Masticophis bilineatus Serpentes [:x]
Masticophis bilineatus lineolatus Hensley, 1950 - Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. 53, p. 272

lineri, Cemophora coccinea Serpentes
Cemophora coccinea lineri Williams, Brown and Wilson, 1966 - Texas Journ. Sci., Vol. 18, p. 85

liocephalus, Gerrhonotus Lacertilia [:x]
Gerrhonotus liocephalus Wiegmann, 1828 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 381

Liochlorophis Serpentes [tc]
Liochlorophis Oldham and Smith, 1991 - Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc., Vol. 27, pages 201-215 (208).

littoralis, Malaclemys terrapin Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin littoralis (Hay, 1904) - Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., Vol. 24, p. 18, pls. 8, 9, 12, figs. 2 and 3

lividus, Eumeces egregius Lacertilia
Eumeces egregius lividus Mount, 1965 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 9, p. 209

lodingi, Necturus punctatus Caudata
Necturus punctatus lodingi Viosca, 1937 - Copeia, p. 126

lodingi, Pituophis melanoleucus Serpentes
Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi Blanchard, 1924 - Papers Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts Letters, Vol. 4, p. 531

longicauda, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea longicauda (Green, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 351

longicaudus, Ophisaurus attenuatus Lacertilia
Ophisaurus attenuatus longicaudus McConkey, 1952 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 102, p. 1

longifemorale, Kinosternon sonoriense Testudines
Kinosternon sonoriense longifemorale Iverson, 1981 - Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot., Vol. 23, No. 1, p. 43

longipes, Sceloporus occidentalis Lacertilia
Sceloporus occidentalis longipes Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 254

longipunctatus, Sceloporus merriami Lacertilia
Sceloporus merriami longipunctatus Olson, 1973 - Herpetologica, Vol. 29, p. 124

loreala, Hypsiglena torquata Serpentes
Hypsiglena torquata loreala Tanner, "1944" 1945 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 5, p. 63, pl. 2, figs. 1, 8

louisianensis, Necturus maculosus Caudata
Necturus maculosus louisianensis Viosca, 1938 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 51, p. 143

louisianensis, Notophthalmus viridescens Caudata
Notophthalmus viridescens louisianensis (Wolterstorff, 1914) - Abh. Mus. Nat. Heimatk. Magdeburg, Vol. 2, Pt. 4, p. 383

luciae, Batrachoseps Caudata [tc]
Batrachoseps luciae Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001 - Herpetological Monograph 15: 1-53

lucidus, Phyllorhynchus browni Serpentes [:x]
Phyllorhynchus browni lucidus Klauber, 1940 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 9, No. 20, p. 202, pl. 8, fig. 2

lucifuga, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque, 1822 - Kentucky Gazette, Lexington, N.S., Vol. 1, No. 9, p. 3.

lugubris, Aneides Caudata
Aneides lugubris (Hallowell, 1849) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 4, p. 126

lustricolus, Pseudobranchus striatus Caudata
Pseudobranchus striatus lustricolus Neill, 1951 - Publ. Res. Div. Ross Allen's Reptile Inst. Vol. 1, No. 4, p. 39

luteiventris, Rana Salientia [tc]
Rana luteiventris Thompson, 1913 - Proc. Biol. So. Wash., Vol. 26, p. 53, pl. 3, figs. 2-3

luteola, Terrapene ornata Testudines
Terrapene ornata luteola Smith and Ramsey, 1952 - Wasmann Journ. Biol., Vol. 10, No. 1, p. 45, pl. 1

lutosus, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis lutosus Klauber, 1930 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 6, No. 3, p. 100

lyrophanes, Trimorphodon biscutatus Serpentes [nc][tc]
Trimorphodon biscutatus lyrophanes Cope, 1860


M
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mabeei, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma mabeei Bishop, 1928 - Journ. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc., Vol. 43, No. 3-4, p. 157

Macrochelys Testudines [nc][tc]
Macrochelys Gray, 1855

Macroclemys Testudines [:x]
Macroclemys Gray, 1855 - Cat. Shield Rept. Brit. Mus., p. 48

macrodactylum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma macrodactylum Baird, 1849 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 1, p. 292

macrospilota, Malaclemys terrapin Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin macrospilota (Hay, 1904) - Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., Vol. 24, p. 16, pls. 6, 7, 11, text fig. 1

maculata, Holbrookia Lacertilia
Holbrookia maculata Girard, 1851 - Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., New Haven, Vol. 4, p. 201

maculata, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris maculata (Agassiz, 1850) - Lake Superior, p. 378, pl. 6, figs. 1-3

maculatum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma maculatum (Shaw, 1802) - Gen. Zool., Vol. 3, Pt. 1, p. 304

maculosa, Gambelia wislizenii Lacertilia [:x]
Gambelia wislizenii maculosa (Tanner and Banta, 1977) - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 37, p. 230

maculosus, Necturus Caudata
Necturus maculosus (Rafinesque, 1818) - Amer. Monthly Mag. Crit. Rev., Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 41

magister, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus magister Hallowell, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 93

major, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps major Camp, 1915 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 12, No. 12, p. 327

major, Terrapene carolina Testudines
Terrapene carolina major (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 445

Malaclemys Testudines
Malaclemys Gray, 1844 - Cat. Tort. Brit. Mus., p. 28

marcianus, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis marcianus (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 36

margaritiferus, Drymobius Serpentes
Drymobius margaritiferus (Schlegel, 1837) - Essai Physion. Serp., Pt. 2 [Partie descriptive], p. 184

marginata, Chrysemys picta Testudines
Chrysemys picta marginata Agassiz, 1857 - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 439; Vol. 2, pl. 1, fig. 6, pl. 5, figs. 1-4

marginatus, Stereochilus Caudata
Stereochilus marginatus (Hallowell, 1856) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 130

marinus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 211

marmorata, Clemmys Testudines
Clemmys marmorata (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 177

marmoratus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus marmoratus Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 128

marmoratus, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus marmoratus (Moore, 1899) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 51, p. 316, pl. 14, figs. 1-10

marmoratus, Sceloporus variabilis Lacertilia
Sceloporus variabilis marmoratus Hallowell, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 178

marnockii, Eleutherodactylus Salientia
Eleutherodactylus marnockii Cope, 1878 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 12, p. 253

maslini, Rana Salientia
Rana maslini Porter, 1969 - Herpetologica, Vol. 25, p. 213

Masticophis Serpentes
Masticophis Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 98

mavortium, Ambystoma tigrinum Caudata
Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium Baird, 1850 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, No. 1, p. 284 and p. 292

mazamae, Taricha granulosa Caudata
Taricha granulosa mazamae (Myers, 1942) - Copeia, p. 80

mcallii, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma mcallii (Hallowell, 1852) Originally spelled "m'callii" - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 182

meahllmorum, Elaphe emoryi Serpentes [nc][tc]
Elaphe emoryi meahllmorum Smith, Chiszar, Staley and Tepedelen, 1994

means, Amphiuma Caudata
Amphiuma means Garden, 1821 - in Smith's Correspondence of Linnaeus, Vol. 1, p. 599 (descr. p. 333)

mearnsi, Petrosaurus Lacertilia
Petrosaurus mearnsi (Stejneger, 1894) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 17, p. 589

megalops, Thamnophis eques Serpentes
Thamnophis eques megalops (Kennicott, 1860) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 330

melanoleucus, Pituophis Serpentes
Pituophis melanoleucus (Daudin, 1803) - Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 6, p. 409

melanopleura, Eurycea longicauda Caudata
Eurycea longicauda melanopleura (Cope, 1893) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 45, p. 383

melanostictum, Ambystoma tigrinum Caudata
Ambystoma tigrinum melanostictum (Baird, 1860) - in Cooper, Rep. Expl. Surv. R.R. Route Mississippi-Pacific Ocean, 36th Cong. 1st Sess., House Ex. Doc. 56, Vol. 12, p. 306

melanota, Rana clamitans Salientia
Rana clamitans melanota (Rafinesque, 1820) - Ann. Nat., p. 5

meridianus, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon meridianusHighton and Peabody, 2000

meridionalis, Notophthalmus Caudata
Notophthalmus meridionalis (Cope, 1880) - Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 30

merriami, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus merriami Stejneger, 1904 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 17, p. 17

mertensi, Tropidoclonion lineatum Serpentes [:x]
Tropidoclonion lineatum mertensi Smith, 1965 - J. Ohio Herp. Soc., Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 3

metcalfi, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon metcalfi Brimley, 1912

metteri, Pseudemys concinna Testudines [:x]
Pseudemys concinna metteri Ward, 1984 - Spec. Publ. No 21, Museum Texas Tech Univ., p. 34

mexicana, Lampropeltis Serpentes [:x]
Lampropeltis mexicana (Garman, 1883) - Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, Vol. 8, No. 3, p. 66

miaria, Deirochelys reticularia Testudines
Deirochelys reticularia miaria Schwartz, 1956 - Fieldiana, Zoology, Chicago Natl. Hist. Mus., Vol. 34, No. 41, p. 486

microlepidotus, Sceloporus grammicus Lacertilia
Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus Wiegmann, 1834 - Herp. Mex., p. 51

microscaphus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo microscaphus Cope, "1866" 1867 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 18, Oct., p. 301

microscutatus, Urosaurus Lacertilia
Urosaurus microscutatus (Van Denburgh, 1894) - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol. 4, p. 298

Micruroides Serpentes
Micruroides Schmidt, 1928 - Bull. Antivenin Inst. Amer., Vol. 2, No. 3, p. 63

Micrurus Serpentes
Micrurus Wagler, 1824 - in Spix, Serp. Brazil, p. 48

miliarius, Sistrurus Serpentes
Sistrurus miliarius (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 372

mimicus Ophisaurus Lacertilia
Ophisaurus mimicus Palmer, 1987 - Herpetologica, Vol. 43, p. 416

minor, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps minor Jockusch, Yanev and Wake, 2001

minor, Sternotherus Testudines
Sternotherus minor (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 424

mississippi, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon mississippi Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 65

mississippiensis, Alligator Crocodilia
Alligator mississippiensis (Daudin, 1803) - Daudin, Hist. Nat. Reptl., Vol. 2., 1803, p. 412

mitchellii, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus mitchellii (Cope, 1861) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 293

modestum, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma modestum Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

modestus, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus modestus Bocourt, 1886 - in Dumeril, Bocourt and Mocquard, Miss. Sci. Mex. et dans L'Amerique Centrale, Vol. 3, Pt. 10, p. 623

mohavensis, Salvadora hexalepis Serpentes
Salvadora hexalepis mohavensis Bogert, 1945 - Amer. Mus. Novitates, No. 1285, p. 6, fig. 9, 10

mokasen, Agkistrodon contortrix Serpentes
Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen Palisot de Beauvois, 1799 - Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 4, p. 370-footnote

molossus, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus molossus Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 10

montanus, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon montanus Highton and Peabody, 2000

montanus, Pseudotriton Caudata
Pseudotriton montanus Baird, 1849 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 1, p. 293

monticola, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus monticola Dunn, 1916 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 29, p. 73

mormon, Coluber Serpentes
Coluber mormon Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 70

mugitus, Pituophis melanoleucus Serpentes
Pituophis melanoleucus mugitus Barbour, 1921 - Proc. New England Zool. Club, Vol. 7, p. 117

muhlenbergii, Clemmys Testudines
Clemmys muhlenbergii (Schoepf, 1801) - Hist. Testud., Pt. 6, p. 132, pl. 31

multicarinata, Elgaria Lacertilia
Elgaria multicarinata (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 298, pl. 25, fig. 2

multicincta, Lampropeltis zonata Serpentes
Lampropeltis zonata multicincta (Yarrow, 1882) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 5, p. 440

multifasciata, Lampropeltis zonata Serpentes
Lampropeltis zonata multifasciata (Bocourt, 1886) - in Dumeril, Bocourt and Mocquard, Miss. Sci. Mex. et dans L'Amerique Centrale, Vol. 3, Pt. 10, p. 616

multiforaminatus, Sauromalus obesus Lacertilia
Sauromalus obesus multiforaminatus Tanner and Avery, 1964 - Herpetologica, Vol. 20, p. 38

multiplicata, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea multiplicata (Cope, 1869) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 21, p. 106

multiplicata, Spea Salientia
Spea multiplicata (Cope, 1863) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 15, p. 52

multiscutatus, Cnemidophorus tigris Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus tigris multiscutatus Cope, "1892" 1893 - Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 17, p. 38

multistriata, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum multistriata Kennicott, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 328

multivirgatus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces multivirgatus (Hallowell, 1857) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 9, p. 215

mundus, Cnemidophorus tigris Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus tigris mundus Camp, 1916 - Univ. California Publ. Zool. Vol. 17, p. 71

murrayi, Kinosternon hirtipes Testudines
Kinosternon hirtipes murrayi Glass and Hartweg, 1951 - Copeia, p. 50, fig. 1

muscosa, Rana Salientia
Rana muscosa Camp, 1917 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 17, No. 9, p. 118

mutica, Apalone Testudines
Apalone mutica (Le Sueur, 1827) - Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 15, p. 263, pl. 7

mydas, Chelonia Testudines
Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 197

myurus, Callisaurus draconoides Lacertilia
Callisaurus draconoides myurus Richardson, 1915 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 48, p. 408


N
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nana, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea nana Bishop, 1941 - Occ. Pap. Mus. of Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 451, p. 6, pl. I, fig. 1

nasicus, Heterodon Serpentes
Heterodon nasicus Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 70

naufragia, Eurycea Caudata [nc][tc]
Eurycea naufragia Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000

nebrius, Crotaphytus collaris Lacertilia
Crotaphytus collaris nebrius Axtell and Montanucci, 1977 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 201, p. 1

nebulosum, Ambystoma tigrinum Caudata
Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum Hallowell, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 209

necturoides, Gyrinophilus palleucus Caudata
Gyrinophilus palleucus necturoides Lazell and Brandon, 1962 - Copeia, p. 301

Necturus Caudata
Necturus Rafinesque, 1819 - Journ. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Blainville, Vol. 88, June, pp. 417-418

neglecta, Nerodia erythrogaster Serpentes
Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta (Conant, 1949) - Copeia, p. 5, pl. 1, fig. 1

neilli, Tantilla relicta Serpentes
Tantilla relicta neilli Telford, 1966 - Bull. Florida State Mus. Biol. Sci., Vol. 10, No. 7, p. 279

nelsoni, Bufo boreas Salientia
Bufo boreas nelsoni Stejneger, 1893 - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, p. 220, pl. 3, figs. 4a and 4b

nelsoni, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys nelsoni Carr, 1938 - Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 8, p. 307

neomexicanus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus neomexicanus Lowe and Zweifel, 1952 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 9, p. 230

neomexicanus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon neomexicanus Stebbins and Riemer, 1950 - Copeia, p. 73

Neoseps Lacertilia
Neoseps Stejneger, 1910 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 39, p. 33

neotenes, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea neotenes Bishop and Wright, 1937 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 50, p. 142

neotesselatus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Cnemidophorus neotesselatus Walker, Cordes and Taylor, 1997

Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 47

nettingi, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon nettingi Green, 1938 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 27, No. 19, p. 295

nettingi, Siren intermedia Caudata
Siren intermedia nettingi Goin, 1942 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 29, p. 211

nevadensis, Uta stansburiana Lacertilia
Uta stansburiana nevadensisv Ruthven, 1915 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 26, p. 27, fig. 1

niger, Aneides flavipunctatus Caudata
Aneides flavipunctatus niger Myers and Maslin, 1948 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 61, p. 132

nigra, Anniella pulchra Lacertilia
Anniella pulchra nigra Fischer, 1886 - Abh. Naturw. Ver. Hamburg, Vol. 9, Pt. 1, p. 9

nigra, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula nigra (Yarrow, 1882) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 5, p. 438

nigrescens, Thamnophis elegans Serpentes [:x]
Thamnophis elegans nigrescens Johnson, 1947 - Herpetologica, Vol. 3, p. 161

nigriceps, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla nigriceps Kennicott, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 328

nigrinoda, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys nigrinoda Cagle, 1954 - Tulane Stud. Zool., Vol. 1, No. 11, p. 173, fig. 1

nigrita, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula nigrita Zweifel and Norris, 1955 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 54, p. 238

nigrita, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris nigrita (Le Conte, 1825) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 282

nigriventris, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps nigriventris Cope, 1869 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 21, p. 98

nitae, Thamnophis sauritus Serpentes
Thamnophis sauritus nitae Rossman, 1963 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 7, p. 163

nitidus, Pseudotriton ruber Caudata
Pseudotriton ruber nitidus Dunn, 1920 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 33, p. 133

nobilis, Elgaria kingii Lacertilia
Elgaria kingii nobilis Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 129

nocticolus, Phyllodactylus Lacertilia
Phyllodactylus nocticolus Dixon, 1964 - New Mexico State Univ. Sci. Bull, Vol. 64, No. 1, p. 55

noctivaga, Arizona elegans Serpentes
Arizona elegans noctivaga Klauber, 1946 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, p. 343, fig. 1, map

notata, Uma Lacertilia
Uma notata Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 253

notatus, Sphaerodactylus Lacertilia
Sphaerodactylus notatus Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 254

Notophthalmus Caudata
Notophthalmus Rafinesque, 1820 - Ann. Nat., Lexington, Vol. 1, p. 5

nubilis, Phyllorhynchus decurtatus Serpentes [:x]
Phyllorhynchus decurtatus nubilis Klauber, 1940 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 9, No. 20, p. 197, pl. 8, fig. 1

nuchalata, Hypsiglena torquata Serpentes
Hypsiglena torquata nuchalata Tanner, 1943 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 4, 1943, p. 49, pl. 3, fig. 2, map

nuntius, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis nuntius Klauber, 1935 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 8, No. 13, p. 78, pl. 8, fig. 1, map 1


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oaxaca, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor oaxaca (Jan, 1863) - Eleco Sist. Ofidi, p. 63

obesus, Sauromalus Lacertilia
Sauromalus obesus Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 253

obscura, Storeria occipitomaculata Serpentes
Storeria occipitomaculata obscura Trapido, 1944 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 31, p. 33, figs. 14-20, map 2

obscurus, Crotalus willardi Serpentes
Crotalus willardi obscurus Harris and Simmons, 1976 - Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc., Vol. 12, No. 1 p. 5

obsoleta, Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe obsoleta (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 1, p. 140

obsoletus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces obsoletus (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 129

obtusirostris, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces obtusirostris Bocourt, 1879 - Miss. Sci. Mex., Vol. 3, Pt. 6, p. 423, pl. 22 D, figs. 1 A, 1 B

occidentalis, Arizona elegans Serpentes
Arizona elegans occidentalis Blanchard, 1924 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 150, p. 1

occidentalis, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus occidentalis Blanchard, 1923 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 142, p. 6

occidentalis, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus occidentalis Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 175

occipitalis, Chionactis Serpentes
Chionactis occipitalis (Hallowell, 1854) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 95

occipitolineata, Lampropeltis calligaster Serpentes
Lampropeltis calligaster occipitolineata Price, 1987 - Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc., Vol. 22, No. 9, p. 148

occipitomaculata, Storeria Serpentes
Storeria occipitomaculata (Storer, 1839) - Rep. Fish. Rept. Birds Massachusetts, p. 230

ocellatus, Thamnophis cyrtopsis Serpentes
Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus (Cope, 1880) - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 22

ochrophaeus, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus ochrophaeus Cope, 1859 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 124

ochrorhynchus, Hypsiglena torquata Serpentes
Hypsiglena torquata ochrorhynchus Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 246

ocmulgee, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon ocmulgee Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 60

ocoee, Desmognathus Caudata [tc]
Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949 - Jour. Tenn. Acad. Sci 24:127

oconaluftee, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon oconaluftee Hairston, 1993

ocularis, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris ocularis (Bosc and Daudin, 1801) - in Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 2, p. 187

oculifera, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys oculifera (Baur, 1890) - Science, Ser. 1, Vol. 16, p. 262

odoratus, Sternotherus Testudines
Sternotherus odoratus (Latreille, 1801) - Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 1, p. 122

okaloosae, Rana Salientia
Rana okaloosae Moler, 1985 - Copeia, p. 379

olivacea, Gastrophryne Salientia
Gastrophryne olivacea (Hallowell, "1856" 1857) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 252

olivacea, Lepidochelys Testudines
Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) - Zool. Atlas, Pt. 1, p. 2, pl. 3

olivaceus, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus olivaceus Smith, 1934 - Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. 37, p. 277

olympicus, Rhyacotriton Caudata
Rhyacotriton olympicus (Gaige, 1917) - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 40, p. 2, pl. 1

onca, Rana Salientia
Rana onca Cope, 1875 - in Yarrow, in Wheeler's Rep. Surv. W. 100th Mer., Vol. 5, Zool., p. 528

onocrepis, Eumeces egregius Lacertilia
Eumeces egregius onocrepis (Cope, 1871) - Appendix to Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. Salem. 1869-70, Jan. 15. 1871, p. 82

oolitica, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla oolitica Telford, 1966 - Bull. Florida State Mus. Biol. Sci., Vol. 10, No. 7, p. 281

opacum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma opacum (Gravenhorst, 1807) - Gravenhorst, Vergl. Uebersicht Zool. Syst., p. 431

Opheodrys Serpentes
Opheodrys Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 26

Ophisaurus Lacertilia
Ophisaurus Daudin, 1803 - Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, Vol. 3, No. 72, p. 188

orarius, Thamnophis proximus Serpentes
Thamnophis proximus orarius Rossman, 1963 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 7, p. 132

orcutti, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus orcutti Stejneger, 1893 - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, p. 181, pl. 1, figs. 4a-c

ordinoides, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis ordinoides (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 176

oreganus, Crotalus viridis Serpentes
Crotalus viridis oreganus Holbrook, 1840 - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 4, p. 115, pl. 29 [24 in text]

oregonensis, Ensatina eschscholtzii Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzii oregonensis (Girard, 1856) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 8, p. 141

orestes, Desmognathus Caudata [nc][tc]
Desmognathus orestes Tilley and Mahoney, 1996

organica, Chionactis palarostris Serpentes
Chionactis palarostris organica Klauber, 1951 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 11, p. 178, pl. 10, fig. 2, map

ornata, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris ornata (Holbrook, 1836) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 97, pl. 16

ornata, Terrapene Testudines
Terrapene ornata (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 445

ornatissimum, Phrynosoma douglasii Lacertilia
Phrynosoma douglasii ornatissimum (Girard, 1858) - U.S. Expl. Exp., Herp., p. 396

ornatum, Phrynosoma douglasii Lacertilia
Phrynosoma douglasii ornatum Girard, 1858 - U.S. Expl. Exp., Herp., Atlas, pl. 21, fig. 1-5

ornatus, Urosaurus Lacertilia
Urosaurus ornatus (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 126 (part)

osceola, Chelydra serpentina Testudines
Chelydra serpentina osceola Stejneger, 1918 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 31, p. 89

Osteopilus Salientia
Osteopilus Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept. p. 30

ouachitae, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon ouachitae Dunn and Heinze, 1933 - Copeia, p. 121

ouachitensis, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys ouachitensis Cagle, 1953 - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 546, p. 10

Oxybelis Serpentes
Oxybelis Wagler, 1830 - Nat. Syst. Amph., p. 183

pacificus, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps pacificus (Cope, 1865) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 17, p. 195

pahasapae, Storeria occipitomaculata Serpentes
Storeria occipitomaculata pahasapae Smith, 1963 - Herpetologica, Vol. 19, p. 17


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pai, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Cnemidophorus pai Wright and Lowe, 1993

palarostris, Chionactis Serpentes
Chionactis palarostris (Klauber, 1937) - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 8, p. 363

palleucus, Gyrinophilus Caudata
Gyrinophilus palleucus McCrady, 1954 - Copeia, p. 201

pallida, Apalone spinifera Testudines
Apalone spinifera pallida (Webb, 1962) - Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. 13, No. 10, p. 522

pallida, Clemmys marmorata Testudines
Clemmys marmorata pallida Seeliger, 1945 - Copeia, p. 158, figs. 4 and 5

pallidulus, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus Allen, 1899 - Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 29, p. 63

palmeri, Elgaria coerulea Lacertilia
Elgaria coerulea palmeri (Stejneger, 1893) - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, p. 196

paludicola, Acris crepitans Salientia
Acris crepitans paludicola Burger, Smith and Smith, 1949 - Journ. Tennessee Acad. Sci., Vol. 24, p. 131

paludicola, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor paludicola Auffenberg and Babbitt, 1953 - Copeia, p. 44

paludis, Seminatrix pygaea Serpentes
Seminatrix pygaea paludis Dowling, 1950 - Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 76, p. 12, map 1

palustris, Rana Salientia
Rana palustris Le Conte, 1825 - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 282

pamlica, Tantilla relicta Serpentes
Tantilla relicta pamlica Telford, 1966 - Bull. Florida State Mus. Biol. Sci., Vol. 10, No. 7, p. 280

panamintina, Elgaria Lacertilia
Elgaria panamintina (Stebbins, 1958) - Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 1883, p. 2

parietalis, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 1, p. 186

parvirubra, Lampropeltis zonata Serpentes
Lampropeltis zonata parvirubra Zweifel, 1952 - Copeia, p. 160

paucimaculata, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia paucimaculata (Tinkle and Conant, 1961) - Southwest. Natur., Vol. 6, No. 1, p. 34

Pelamis Serpentes
Pelamis Daudin, 1803 - Hist. Nat. Gen. Part. Rept., Vol. 7, p. 357

peltifer, Sternotherus minor Testudines
Sternotherus minor peltifer Smith and Glass, 1947 - Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 22

peninsularis, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys peninsularis Carr, 1938 - Copeia, p. 105

perkinsi, Phyllorhynchus decurtatus Serpentes [:x]
Phyllorhynchus decurtatus perkinsi Klauber, 1935 - Bull. Zool. Soc. San Diego, No. 12, p. 11

perspicua, Holbrookia maculata Lacertilia
Holbrookia maculata perspicua Axtell, 1956 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 10, p. 166

perstriatus, Notophthalmus Caudata
Notophthalmus perstriatus (Bishop, 1941) - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 451, p. 3, pl. 1 and 2

petraeus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon petraeus Wynn, Highton and Jacobs, 1988 - Herpetologica, Vol. 44, p. 135.

Petrosaurus Lacertilia
Petrosaurus Boulenger, 1885 - Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., Vol. 2, p. 205

phaeogaster, Agkistrodon contortrix Serpentes
Agkistrodon contortrix phaeogaster Gloyd, 1969 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 82, p. 220

Phaeognathus Caudata
Phaeognathus Highton, 1961 - Copeia, p. 66

philipi, Arizona elegans Serpentes
Arizona elegans philipi Klauber, 1946 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, p. 333, fig. 1, map 1

pholeter, Amphiuma Caudata
Amphiuma pholeter Neill, 1964 - Herpetologica, Vol. 20, p. 62

Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma Wiegmann, 1828 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 367

Phyllodactylus Lacertilia
Phyllodactylus Gray, 1830 - Spicileg. Zool., p. 3

Phyllorhynchus Serpentes
Phyllorhynchus Stejneger, 1890 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 13, p. 151

piaropicola, Notophthalmus viridescens Caudata
Notophthalmus viridescens piaropicola (Schwartz and Duellman, 1952) - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 9, No. 12, p. 219, pl. 1

piceus, Masticophis flagellum Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum piceus (Cope, 1892) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 14, p. 625

pickeringii, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis pickeringii (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 27

picta, Chrysemys Testudines
Chrysemys picta (Schneider, 1783) - Naturg. Schildkr., p. 348

picta, Ensatina eschscholtzii Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzii picta Wood, 1940 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 42, No. 10, p. 425

pictigaster, Agkistrodon contortrix Serpentes
Agkistrodon contortrix pictigaster Gloyd and Conant, 1943 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 7, p. 156, fig. 10

pictiventris, Nerodia fasciata Serpentes
Nerodia fasciata pictiventris (Cope, 1895) - Amer. Nat., Vol. 29, p. 677

pileata, Malaclemys terrapin Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin pileata (Wied, 1865) - Nova Acta Acad. Leopold.-Carol., Vol. 32, p. 17, pl. 1, figs. 2 and 3

pipiens, Rana Salientia
Rana pipiens Schreber, 1782 - Naturforscher, Vol. 18, p. 185, pl. 4

piscivorus, Agkistrodon Serpentes
Agkistrodon piscivorus (Lacepede, 1789) - Hist. Nat. Serp., Vol. 2, table meth. p. 130

Pituophis Serpentes
Pituophis Holbrook, 1842 - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 2, Vol. 4, p. 7

placerensis, Eumeces gilberti Lacertilia
Eumeces gilberti placerensis Rodgers, 1944 - Copeia, p. 101, figs. 1-2

planiceps, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla planiceps (Blainville, 1835) - Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 4, p. 294, pl. 27, figs. 3-3b

platensis, Ensatina eschscholtzii Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzii platensis (Jimenez de la Espada, 1875) - An. Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat. 4, p. 71, pl. 1

platineum, Ambystoma Caudata [:x]
Ambystoma platineum Cope, "1867" 1868 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 19, p. 198

platirhinos, Heterodon Serpentes
Heterodon platirhinos Latreille, 1801 - in Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 4, p. 32

platurus, Pelamis Serpentes
Pelamis platurus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., p. 391

platycephalus, Hydromantes Caudata
Hydromantes platycephalus (Camp, 1916) - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 17, p. 11

platyrhinos, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma platyrhinos Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon Tschudi, "1838" 1839 - reprinted in Classif. Batr., Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, p. 92

pleuralis, Nerodia sipedon Serpentes
Nerodia sipedon pleuralis (Cope, 1892) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 14, p. 672

pluvialis, Eumeces anthracinus Lacertilia
Eumeces anthracinus pluvialis Cope, 1880 - Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., No. 17, p. 19

poinsettii, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus poinsettii Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 126

polyphemus, Gopherus Testudines
Gopherus polyphemus (Daudin, 1802) - Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 2, p. 256

porphyriticus, Gyrinophilus Caudata
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (Green, 1827) - Contr. Maclurean Lyc., Vol. 1, p. 3, pl. 1, fig. 2

pretiosa, Rana Salientia
Rana pretiosa Baird and Girard, 1853 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 378

priapus, Coluber constrictor Serpentes
Coluber constrictor priapus Dunn and Wood, 1939 - Notulae Naturae Philadelphia, No. 5, p. 4

pricei, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus pricei Van Denburgh, 1895 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, Vol. 5, p. 856

principis, Elgaria coerulea Lacertilia
Elgaria coerulea principis Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 175

propinqua, Holbrookia Lacertilia
Holbrookia propinqua Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 126

proximus, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis proximus (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 1, p. 187

Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 31

Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys Gray, "1855" 1856 - Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Jan. 22, 1856, p. 197

Pseudobranchus Caudata
Pseudobranchus Gray, 1825 - Ann. Philos, Ser. 2, Vol. 10, p. 216

pseudogeographica, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys pseudogeographica (Gray, 1831) - Syn. Rept., p. 31

Pseudotriton Caudata
Pseudotriton Tschudi, "1838" 1839 - reprinted in Classif. Batr., Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Neuchatel, p. 60

Pternohyla Salientia
Pternohyla Boulenger, 1882 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, Vol. 10, p. 326

pterophila, Eurycea Caudata [nc][tc]
Eurycea pterophila Burger, Smith and Potter, 1950

pulchellus, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus pulchellus Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 115

pulchra, Anniella Lacertilia
Anniella pulchra Gray, 1852 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, Vol. 10, p. 440

pulchra, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys pulchra Baur, 1893 - Amer. Nat., Zool., Vol. 27, p. 675

pulchra, Holbrookia maculata Lacertilia
Holbrookia maculata pulchra Schmidt, 1921 - Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 22, p. 1

pulchra, Lampropeltis zonata Serpentes
Lampropeltis zonata pulchra Zweifel, 1952 - Copeia, p. 162

pulchra, Virginia Serpentes
Virginia pulchra (Richmond, 1954) - Ann. Carnegie Mus., No. 15, p. 251

pumilis, Pituophis catenifer Serpentes
Pituophis catenifer pumilis Klauber, 1946 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 11, p. 41, pl. 3

punctata, Gambelia wislizenii Lacertilia [:x]
Gambelia wislizenii punctata (Tanner and Banta, 1963) - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 23, p. 138

punctatus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo punctatus Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 173

punctatus, Diadophis Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 376

punctatus, Necturus Caudata
Necturus punctatus (Gibbes, 1850) - Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., Vol. 3, Charleston, p. 159

punctatus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon punctatus Highton, "1971" 1972 - in Holt et al., Res. Div. Monogr., No. 4, Pt. 3, Vertebrates, Virginia Polytechnic Inst., p. 176

punctilinealis, Cnemidophorus tigris Lacertilia [tc]
Cnemidophorus tigris punctilinealis Dickerson, 1919 - Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. 41, pages 461-477 (475).

pygaea, Seminatrix Serpentes
Seminatrix pygaea (Cope, 1871) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 23, p. 223

pyromelana, Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis pyromelana (Cope, "1866" 1867) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 18, p. 305

pyrrhus, Crotalus mitchellii Serpentes
Crotalus mitchellii pyrrhus (Cope, "1866" 1867) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 18, p. 308


Q
A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H . I . J . K . L . M . N . O . P . Q . R . S . T . U . V . W . XYZ .
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quadramaculatus, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus quadramaculatus (Holbrook, 1840) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 4, pl. 26 misprinted 27, p. 121

quadrangulare, Gyalopion Serpentes
Gyalopion quadrangulare (Gunther, 1893) - Biol. Centr. Amer. Rept. and Batr., p. 99, pl. 35, fig. A

quadridigitata, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea quadridigitata (Holbrook, 1842) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 2, Vol. 5, p. 65, pl. 21

quadrivittata, Elaphe obsoleta Serpentes
Elaphe obsoleta quadrivittata (Holbrook, 1836) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 113, pl. 21

quercicus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo quercicus Holbrook, 1840 - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 4, p. 109, pl. 22


R
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radix, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis radix (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 34

Rana Salientia
Rana Linnaeus, 1758 - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 210

rathbuni, Typhlomolge Caudata
Typhlomolge rathbuni Stejneger, 1896 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 18, p. 620

regalis, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus regalis Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 115

regilla, Hyla or Pseudacris Salientia [*]
Hyla or Pseudacris regilla (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 174

Regina Serpentes
Regina Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 45

regius, Batrachoseps Caudata [nc][tc]
Batrachoseps regius Jockusch, Wake and Yanev, 1998

reinwardtii, Farancia abacura Serpentes
Farancia abacura reinwardtii Schlegel, 1837 - Essai Physion. Serp., Pt. 1 [Partie generale], p. 173

relicta, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla relicta Telford, 1966 - Bull. Florida State Mus. Biol. Sci., Vol. 10, No. 7, p. 270

relictus, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps relictus Brame and Murray, 1968 - Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., No. 4, p. 5

reticularia, Deirochelys Testudines
Deirochelys reticularia (Latreille, 1801) - Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 1, p. 124

reticulata, Xantusia riversiana Lacertilia [tc]
Xantusia riversiana reticulata Smith, 1946 - Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., Vol. 36, p. 392

reticulatus, Coleonyx Lacertilia
Coleonyx reticulatus Davis and Dixon, 1958 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 71, p. 151

reticulatus, Crotaphytus Lacertilia
Crotaphytus reticulatus Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 253

reticuloriens, Cnemidophorus marmoratus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus marmoratus reticuloriens Vance, 1978 - Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc., Vol. 14, No. 1, p. 3

retiformis, Bufo Salientia
Bufo retiformis Sanders and Smith, 1951 - Field and Laboratory, Vol. 19, p. 153, pl. 3, fig. 1

reynoldsi, Neoseps Lacertilia
Neoseps reynoldsi Stejneger, 1910 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 39, p. 34

Rhadinaea Serpentes
Rhadinaea Cope, 1863 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 15, p. 101

Rhineura Lacertilia
Rhineura Cope, 1861 - Proc. Acad. Nat Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 75

Rhinocheilus Serpentes
Rhinocheilus Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 120

Rhinophrynus Salientia
Rhinophrynus Dumeril and Bibron, 1841 - Erp. Gen., Vol. 8, p. 757

rhizophorarum, Malaclemys terrapin Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum Fowler, 1906 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 58, p. 112, pl. 4

rhodostictus, Callisaurus draconoides Lacertilia
Callisaurus draconoides rhodostictus Cope, 1896 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 30, p. 1049

rhombifer, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia rhombifer (Hallowell, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 177

rhombomaculata, Lampropeltis calligaster Serpentes
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata (Holbrook, 1840) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 4, p. 103, pl. 20

Rhyacotriton Caudata
Rhyacotriton Dunn, 1920 - Proc. New England Zool. Club, Vol. 7, p. 56

richmondi, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon richmondi Netting and Mittleman, 1938 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 27, p. 288, pl. 30, fig. 1

rigida, Regina Serpentes
Regina rigida (Say, 1825) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 4, Pt. 2, p. 239

riversiana, Xantusia Lacertilia
Xantusia riversiana Cope, 1883 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 35, p. 29

rivularis, Taricha Caudata
Taricha rivularis (Twitty, 1935) - Copeia, p. 73

robusta, Typhlomolge Caudata
Typhlomolge robusta Longley, 1978 - Endangered Species Report, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Albuquerque, NM, Vol. 2, pp. 1-10

rosaliae, Bogertophis Serpentes
Bogertophis rosaliae (Mocquard, 1899) - Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Natur. Paris, 4th Series, Vol. 1 (2nd fasc), p. 321

roseofusca, Charina trivirgata Serpentes
Charina trivirgata roseofusca Cope, 1868 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 20, p. 2

rossalleni, Elaphe obsoleta Serpentes
Elaphe obsoleta rossalleni Neill, 1949 - Herpetologica, Vol. 5, Suppl. 2, p. 1

ruber, Crotalus Serpentes [:x]
Crotalus ruber Cope, 1892 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 14, p. 690

ruber, Pseudotriton Caudata
Pseudotriton ruber (Latreille, 1801) - in Sonnini and Latreille, History Nat. Rept., Vol. 4, p. 305

rubra, Tantilla Serpentes [:x]
Tantilla rubra Cope, 1875 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, Vol. 8, p. 144

rubricaudatus, Eumeces gilberti Lacertilia
Eumeces gilberti rubricaudatus Taylor, 1936 - Sci. Bull. Univ. Kansas, Vol. 23, p. 446, figs. 72-73, pl. 39

rubrilineatus, Thamnophis proximus Serpentes
Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus Rossman, 1963 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 7, p. 134

rubriventris, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys rubriventris (Le Conte, 1830) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 3, p. 101

ruddocki, Masticophis flagellum Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum ruddocki Brattstrom and Warren, 1953 - Herpetologica, Vol. 9, p. 177

rufipunctatus, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis rufipunctatus (Cope, 1875) - in Wheeler's Rep. Surv. W. 100th Mer., Vol. 5, Zool., p. 544

rufopunctata, Uma notata Lacertilia [:x]
Uma notata rufopunctata Cope, 1895 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 29, p. 939

ruthveni, Holbrookia maculata Lacertilia
Holbrookia maculata ruthveni Smith, 1943 - Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., Vol. 24, p. 342

ruthveni, Masticophis schotti Serpentes
Masticophis schotti ruthveni Ortenburger, 1923 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 139, p. 3, pl. 1-3

ruthveni, Pituophis Serpentes
Pituophis ruthveni Stull, 1929 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 205, p. 1


S
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sabinensis, Graptemys ouachitensis Testudines
Graptemys ouachitensis sabinensis Cagle, 1953 - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 546, p. 2

sackenii, Thamnophis sauritus Serpentes
Thamnophis sauritus sackenii (Kennicott, 1859) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 98

Salvadora Serpentes
Salvadora Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 104

santeetlah, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus santeetlah Tilley, 1981 - Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 695, p. 3

sauritus, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis sauritus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 385

Sauromalus Lacertilia
Sauromalus Dumeril, 1856 - Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 8, p. 535

savannah, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon savannah Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 73

saxatilis, Chionactis Serpentes
Chionactis saxatilis Funk, 1967 - Southwest. Natur., Vol. 12, No. 2, p. 180

sayi, Pituophis catenifer Serpentes
Pituophis catenifer sayi (Schlegel, 1837) - Essai Physion. Serp., Pt. 2 [Partie descriptive], p. 157

scalaris, Sceloporus Lacertilia [:x]
Sceloporus scalaris Wiegmann, 1828 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 370

Scaphiopus Salientia
Scaphiopus Holbrook, 1836 - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 85

Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus Wiegmann, 1828 - Isis von Oken, Vol. 21, p. 369

schencki, Pseudotriton ruber Caudata
Pseudotriton ruber schencki (Brimley, 1912) - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 25, No. 28, p. 139, pl. 7, figs. 12-13, 15, 17-18, and 20-22

schmidti, Urosaurus ornatus Lacertilia [:x]
Urosaurus ornatus schmidti (Mittleman, 1940) - Herpetologica, Vol. 2, p. 33, pl. 3, fig. 1

schotti, Masticophis Serpentes
Masticophis schotti Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 160

Scincella Lacertilia
Scincella Mittleman, 1950 - Herpetologica, Vol. 6, p. 19

scincicauda, Elgaria multicarinata Lacertilia
Elgaria multicarinata scincicauda (Skilton, 1849) - Amer. Journ. Sci. Arts, Ser. 2, Vol. 7, p. 202, pl. at p. 312, figs. 1-3

scitulus, Cophosaurus texanus Lacertilia
Cophosaurus texanus scitulus (Peters, 1951) - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 537, p. 8, map 1

scoparia, Uma Lacertilia
Uma scoparia Cope, 1894 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 28, p. 435

scripta, Trachemys Testudines
Trachemys scripta (Schoepf, 1792) - Hist. Testud., Pts. 1-2, p. 16, pl. 3, figs. 4 and 5

scutatum, Hemidactylium Caudata
Hemidactylium scutatum (Temminck and Schlegel, 1838) - in Von Siebold, Fauna Japonica, Saur. Batr., Pt. 3, p. 119

scutulatus, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus scutulatus (Kennicott, 1861) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 207

segregus, Leptotyphlops humilis Serpentes
Leptotyphlops humilis segregus Klauber, 1939 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 9, No. 14a, p. 67

semiannulata, Sonora Serpentes
Sonora semiannulata Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 117

semifasciatus, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes [:x]
Thamnophis sirtalis semifasciatus (Cope, 1892) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 14, p. 662

Seminatrix Serpentes
Seminatrix Cope, 1895 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 29, p. 678

seminola, Farancia erytrogramma Serpentes
Farancia erytrogramma seminola Neill, 1964 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 71, p. 270

seminolus, Anolis carolinensis Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Anolis carolinensis seminolus Vance, 1991

Senticolis Serpentes
Senticolis Dowling and Fries, 1987 - Herpetologica, Vol. 43, p. 202

septemvittata, Regina Serpentes
Regina septemvittata (Say, 1825) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 4, Pt. 2, p. 240

septemvittatus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus septemvittatus Cope, "1892" 1893 - Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 17, p. 40, pl. 9, fig. 8

septentrionalis, Cnemidophorus tigris Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus tigris septentrionalis Burger, 1950 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 65, p. 8

septentrionalis, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces septentrionalis (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 256

septentrionalis, Leptodeira Serpentes
Leptodeira septentrionalis (Kennicott, 1859) - in Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., Pt. 2, p. 16, pl. 8, fig. 1

septentrionalis, Osteopilus Salientia
Osteopilus septentrionalis Dumeril and Bibron, 1841 - Erp. Gen., Vol. 8, p. 538

septentrionalis, Rana Salientia
Rana septentrionalis Baird, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 61

septentrionalis, Thamnophis sauritus Serpentes
Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis Rossman, 1963 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 7, p. 159

sequoyah, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon sequoyah Highton, 1989 - in Highton, Maha and Maxson, Illinois Biol. Monographs, No. 57, p. 68

serpentina, Chelydra Testudines
Chelydra serpentina (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 199

serratus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon serratus Grobman, 1944 - Ann. New York Acad. Sci, Vol. 45, No. 7, p. 306

serrifer, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus serrifer Cope, 1866 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 124

sevosa, Rana capito Salientia
Rana capito sevosa Goin and Netting, 1940 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 28, p. 137, pl. 12, figs. 1 and 2

sexlineatus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 364

shannoni, Urosaurus graciosus Lacertilia [:x]
Urosaurus graciosus shannoni Lowe, 1955 - Herpetologica, Vol. 11, p. 97

shastae, Hydromantes Caudata
Hydromantes shastae Gorman and Camp, 1953 - Copeia, p. 39

shastensis, Elgaria coerulea Lacertilia
Elgaria coerulea shastensis (Fitch, 1934) - Copeia, p. 6

shenandoah, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon shenandoah Highton and Worthington, 1967 - Copeia, p. 619

shermani, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon shermani Brimley, 1912

sierrae, Taricha torosa Caudata
Taricha torosa sierrae (Twitty, 1942) - Copeia, p. 65, pl. 1 and 4

sierrae, Xantusia vigilis Lacertilia
Xantusia vigilis sierrae Bezy, 1967 - Journ. Arizona Acad. Sci., Vol. 4, p. 163

sigillatum, Ambystoma macrodactylum Caudata
Ambystoma macrodactylum sigillatum Ferguson, 1961 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 65, 1961, p. 316

sila, Gambelia Lacertilia
Gambelia sila (Stejneger, 1890) - N. Amer. Fauna, No. 3, p. 105

simatus, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps simatus Brame and Murray, 1968 - Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., No. 4, p. 15

similis, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus similis Blanchard, 1923 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 142, p. 4

similis, Eumeces egregius Lacertilia
Eumeces egregius similis McConkey, 1957 - Bull. Florida State Mus., Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 17

similis, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis similis Rossman, 1965 - Proc. Louisiana Acad. Sci., Vol. 27, p. 67

simus, Heterodon Serpentes
Heterodon simus (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 375

sinicola, Regina rigida Serpentes
Regina rigida sinicola (Huheey, 1959) - Copeia, p. 305

sipedon, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia sipedon (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 219

Siren Caudata
Siren Linnaeus, 1766 - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, Pt. 2, sign. Rrrr 5, Addenda (not paged)

sirtalis, Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis (Linnaeus, 1758) - Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1, p. 222

Sistrurus Serpentes
Sistrurus Garman, 1883 - Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, Vol. 8, No. 3, p. 110

skiltonianus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces skiltonianus (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

slevini, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus slevini Smith, 1937 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 361, p. 3

Smilisca Salientia
Smilisca Cope, 1865 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 17, p. 194

solare, Phrynosoma Lacertilia
Phrynosoma solare Gray, 1845 - Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., p. 229

Sonora Serpentes
Sonora Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 117

sonorae, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus sonorae Lowe and Wright, 1964 - Journ. Arizona Acad. Sci., Vol. 3, p. 80

sonoriense, Kinosternon Testudines
Kinosternon sonoriense Le Conte, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 184

sosorum, Eurycea Caudata [nc][tc]
Eurycea sosorum Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000

Spea Salientia
Spea Cope, 1866 - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, 2nd Series, p. 81

speari, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia [tc]
Sceloporus undulatus speari Smith, Chiszar, Lemos-Espinal and Bell, 1995 - Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 98: 44-60.

speciosus, Bufo Salientia
Bufo speciosus Girard, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 86

spelaeus, Typhlotriton Caudata
Typhlotriton spelaeus Stejneger, 1893 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 15, p. 116, pl. 9

Sphaerodactylus Lacertilia
Sphaerodactylus Wagler, 1830 - Nat. Syst. Amph., p. 143

spheniscus, Pseudobranchus striatus Caudata
Pseudobranchus striatus spheniscus Goin and Crenshaw, 1949 - Ann. Carnegie Mus., Vol. 31, No. 10, p. 277

sphenocephala, Rana Salientia
Rana sphenocephala Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 517

spiloides, Elaphe obsoleta Serpentes
Elaphe obsoleta spiloides (Dumeril, Bibron and Dumeril, 1854) - Erpet. Gen., Vol. 7, Pt. 1, p. 269

spinifera, Apalone Testudines
Apalone spinifera (Le Sueur, 1827) - Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 15, p. 258, pl. 6

splendida, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes
Lampropeltis getula splendida (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 83

spooneri, Kinosternon flavescens Testudines
Kinosternon flavescens spooneri Smith, 1951 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 9, No. 10, p. 195

squirella, Hyla Salientia
Hyla squirella Bosc, 1800 - in Daudin, Hist. Nat. Quadr. Ovip., Vol. 1, p. 9

stansburiana, Uta Lacertilia
Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

stebbinsi, Ambystoma tigrinum Caudata
Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi Lowe, 1954 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 67, p. 243

stebbinsi, Batrachoseps Caudata
Batrachoseps stebbinsi Brame and Murray, 1968 - Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., No. 4, p. 18

steindachneri, Kinosternon subrubrum Testudines
Kinosternon subrubrum steindachneri (Siebenrock, 1906) - Zool. Anz., Vol. 30, Oct. 16, p. 727

stejnegeri, Uta stansburiana Lacertilia
Uta stansburiana Stejnegeri Schmidt, 1921 - Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 15, p. 1

stephensae, Cnemidophorus sexlineatus Lacertilia [tc]
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus stephensae Trauth, 1992 - Texas J. Sci., Vol. 44, pages 437-443 (438). Subspecific changed from stephensi to stephensae - Trauth, 1995 - Bull. Chicago. Herp. Soc., Vol. 30, No. 4, page 68.

stephensi, Crotalus mitchellii Serpentes
Crotalus mitchellii stephensi Klauber, 1930 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 6, No. 3, p. 108

Stereochilus Caudata
Stereochilus Cope, 1869 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 21, p. 100

Sternotherus Testudines
Sternotherus Gray, 1825 - Ann. Philos., N.S., Vol. 10, Sept. p. 211

sticticeps, Lampropeltis getula Serpentes [:x]
Lampropeltis getula sticticeps Barbour and Engels, 1942 - Proc. New England Zool. Club, Vol. 20, p. 101, pl. 16

stictogenys, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 250

stictogrammus, Cnemidophorus burti Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus burti stictogrammus Burger, 1950 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 65, p. 5

Stilosoma Serpentes
Stilosoma Brown, 1890 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 42, p. 199

Storeria Serpentes
Storeria Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 135

stormi, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon stormi Highton and Brame, 1965 - Pilot Register of Zoology, Card No. 20, 1-2

streckeri, Ficimia Serpentes
Ficimia streckeri Taylor, 1931 - Copeia, p. 5

streckeri, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris streckeri Wright and Wright, 1933 - Handbook of Frogs and Toads, p. 26, pl. 35

streckeri, Sistrurus miliarius Serpentes
Sistrurus miliarius streckeri Gloyd, 1935 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 322, p. 4

striatula, Virginia Serpentes
Virginia striatula (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 375

striatus, Pseudobranchus Caudata
Pseudobranchus striatus (Le Conte, 1824) - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 1, Pt. 1, p. 53, pl. 4

subaquavocalis, Rana Salientia [nc][tc]
Rana subaquavocalis Platz, 1993

subcaudalis, Holbrookia lacerata Lacertilia
Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis Axtell, 1956 - Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., Vol. 10, p. 174

subocularis, Bogertophis Serpentes
Bogertophis subocularis (Brown, 1901) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 53, p. 492

subocularis, Elaphe Serpentes [:x]
Elaphe subocularis (Brown, 1901) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 53, p. 492, pl. 29

subrubrum, Kinosternon Testudines
Kinosternon subrubrum (Lacepede, 1788) - Hist. Nat. Quadr. Ovip. Serp., Vol. 1, p. 132 and p. 618

subterraneus, Gyrinophilus Caudata
Gyrinophilus subterraneus Besharse and Holsinger, 1977 - Copeia, p. 626

suspectum, Heloderma Lacertilia
Heloderma suspectum Cope, 1869 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 21, p. 5

suwanniensis, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys suwanniensis Carr, 1937 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, Number 348, p. 4, pl. 1

switaki, Coleonyx Lacertilia
Coleonyx switaki (Murphy, 1974) - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, Vol. 40, No. 4, p. 87

sylvatica, Rana Salientia
Rana sylvatica Le Conte, 1825 - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 282

symmetricus, Urosaurus ornatus Lacertilia [:x]
Urosaurus ornatus symmetricus (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 253

Syrrhophus Salientia [:x]
Syrrhophus Cope, 1878 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 12, p. 253

syspila, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum syspila (Cope, 1889) - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 11, p. 384


T
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taeniata, Nerodia clarki Serpentes
Nerodia clarki taeniata (Cope, 1895) - Amer. Nat., 29, p. 676

taeniatus, Masticophis Serpentes
Masticophis taeniatus (Hallowell, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 181

talpina, Chionactis occipitalis Serpentes
Chionactis occipitalis talpina Klauber, 1951 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 11, p. 172, pl. 10, fig. 1, map

talpoideum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma talpoideum (Holbrook, 1838) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 3, p. 117, pl. 29

Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 131

tarahumarae, Rana Salientia
Rana tarahumarae Boulenger, 1917 - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, Vol. 20, p. 416

Taricha Caudata
Taricha Gray, 1850 - Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad., Part 2, p. 25

taxispilota, Nerodia Serpentes
Nerodia taxispilota (Holbrook, 1838) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 2, p. 113, pl. 25

taylori, Lampropeltis triangulum Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum taylori Tanner and Loomis, 1957 - Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., Vol. 60, p. 31

taylori, Sceloporus occidentalis Lacertilia
Sceloporus occidentalis taylori Camp, 1916 - Univ. California Publ. Zool. Vol. 17, p. 65

tedbrowni, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia [nc][tc]
Sceloporus undulatus tedbrowni Smith, Bell, Applegarth and Chiszar, 1992

temminckii, Macrochelys Testudines
Macrochelys temminckii (Harlan, 1835) - Medical and Physical Researches, p. 158, footnote

tenebrosus, Dicamptodon Caudata
Dicamptodon tenebrosus (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 174

tener, Micrurus Serpentes
Micrurus tener (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, pp. 22 and 156

tenuis, Contia Serpentes
Contia tenuis (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 176

tequesta, Malaclemys terrapin Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin tequesta Schwartz, 1955 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 68, p. 158

tergeminus, Sistrurus catenatus Serpentes
Sistrurus catenatus tergeminus (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 1, p. 499

Terrapene Testudines
Terrapene Merrem, 1820 - Tent. Syst. Amph., p. 27

terrapin, Malaclemys Testudines
Malaclemys terrapin (Schoepf, 1793) - Hist. Test. inconibvs illvstrata, Erlange, p. 64, pl. 15

terrestris, Bufo Salientia
Bufo terrestris (Bonnaterre, 1789) - Tabl. Encycl. Meth. Trois Reg. Nat., Erp., p. 8

terrestris, Thamnophis elegans Serpentes
Thamnophis elegans terrestris Fox, 1951 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 50, p. 499, fig. 3

tesselatus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus tesselatus (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 2, p. 50

tessellatus, Rhinocheilus lecontei Serpentes
Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus Garman, 1883 - Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, Vol. 8, No. 3, p. 74

testaceus, Masticophis flagellum Serpentes
Masticophis flagellum testaceus (Say, 1823) - in James, Long's Exped. Rocky Mts. 1819-1820, Vol. 2, p. 48

tetragrammus, Eumeces Lacertilia
Eumeces tetragrammus (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 256

tetrataenia, Thamnophis sirtalis Serpentes
Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia (Cope, 1875) - in Yarrow, in Wheeler's Rep. Surv. W. 100th Mer., Vol. 5, Zool., p. 546

texana, Pseudemys Testudines
Pseudemys texana Baur, 1893 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 31, p. 223

texana, Siren intermedia Caudata [:x]
Siren intermedia texana Goin, 1957 - Herpetologica, Vol. 13, p. 37

texana, Storeria dekayi Serpentes
Storeria dekayi texana Trapido, 1944 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 31, p. 63, figs. 45-50, map 3

texanum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma texanum (Matthes, 1855) - Allg. Deutsche Naturhist. Zeitung, N.S., Vol. 1, p. 266

texanum, Tropidoclonion lineatum Serpentes [:x]
Tropidoclonion lineatum texanum Ramsey, 1953 - Herpetologica, Vol. 9, p. 14

texanus, Cophosaurus Lacertilia
Cophosaurus texanus Troschel, "1850" 1852 - Arch. Naturg., Vol. 16, Band 1, p. 389, pl. 6

teyahalee, Plethodon Caudata [:x]
Plethodon teyahalee Hairston, 1950 - Copeia, p. 269

Thamnophis Serpentes
Thamnophis Fitzinger, 1843 - Syst. Rept., p. 26

thermophila, Holbrookia maculata Lacertilia
Holbrookia maculata thermophila Barbour, 1921 - Proc. New England Zool. Club., Vol. 7, p. 79,

tigrinum, Ambystoma Caudata
Ambystoma tigrinum (Green, 1825) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 5, p. 116, pl. 25, fig. 7

tigris, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus tigris Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

tigris, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus tigris Kennicott, 1859 - in Baird, U.S. Mex. Bound. Surv., Vol. 2, Rept., Pt. 2, p. 14, pl. 4

tonkawae, Eurycea Caudata [nc][tc]
Eurycea tonkawae Chippindale, Price, Wiens and Hillis, 2000

torosa, Taricha Caudata
Taricha torosa (Rathke, 1833) - in Eschscholtz, Zool. Atlas, Pt. 5, p. 12, pl. 21, fig. 15

torquata, Hypsiglena Serpentes
Hypsiglena torquata (Gunther, 1860) - Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 3, Vol. 5, p. 170, pl. 10, fig. A

Trachemys Testudines
Trachemys Agassiz, 1857 - Contr. Nat. Hist. U.S., Vol. 1, p. 434

transversa, Nerodia erythrogaster Serpentes
Nerodia erythrogaster transversa (Hallowell, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 177

transversus, Sceloporus magister Lacertilia [:x]
Sceloporus magister transversus Phelan and Brattstrom, 1955 - Herpetologica, Vol. 11, p. 10

tremblayi, Ambystoma Caudata [:x]
Ambystoma tremblayi Comeau, 1943 - Ann. Assoc. Canadienne-Francaise Avance. Sci., Vol. 9, p. 124

triangulum, Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis triangulum (Lacepede, 1788) - Hist. Nat. Quadr. Ovip. Serp., Vol. 2, tabl. meth., p. 86

triaspis, Senticolis Serpentes
Senticolis triaspis (Cope, 1866) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 18, p. 128

tridactylum, Amphiuma Caudata
Amphiuma tridactylum Cuvier, 1827 - Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 14, p. 7, pl. 1, figs. 4-6, pl. 2, figs. 9-18

tridentifera, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea tridentifera Mitchell and Reddell, 1965 - Texas Journ. Sci., Vol. 17, p. 14

Trimorphodon Serpentes
Trimorphodon Cope, 1861 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 297

Trionyx Testudines [:x]
Trionyx Geoffroy, 1809 - Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Vol. 14, p. 3

triseriata, Pseudacris Salientia
Pseudacris triseriata (Wied-Neuwied, 1838) - Reise Nord-Amer., Vol. 1, Pt. 4, p. 249

tristichus, Sceloporus undulatus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus tristichus Cope, 1875 - in Yarrow, in Wheeler's Rep. Surv. W. 100th Mer., Vol. 5, Zool., p. 571

triunguis, Terrapene carolina Testudines
Terrapene carolina triunguis (Agassiz, 1857) - Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., Vol. 1, p. 445

trivirgata, Charina Serpentes
Charina trivirgata Cope, 1861 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 13, p. 304

troglodytes, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea troglodytes Baker, 1957 - Texas Journ. Sci., Vol. 9, p. 329

troostii, Trachemys scripta Testudines
Trachemys scripta troostii (Holbrook, 1836) - N. Amer. Herp., Ed. 1, Vol. 1, p. 55, pl. 4

Tropidoclonion Serpentes
Tropidoclonion Cope, 1860 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 12, p. 76

truei, Ascaphus Salientia
Ascaphus truei Stejneger, 1899 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 21, p. 900, pl. 89, figs. 1-4

tumidus, Sauromalus obesus Lacertilia
Sauromalus obesus tumidus Shaw, 1945 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, p. 292

tynerensis, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea tynerensis Moore and Hughes, 1939 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 22, No. 3, p. 697

Typhlomolge Caudata
Typhlomolge Stejneger, 1896 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 18, p. 620

Typhlotriton Caudata
Typhlotriton Stejneger, 1893 - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 15, p. 115


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Uma Lacertilia
Uma Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 253

undulatus, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus undulatus (Bosc and Daudin, 1802) - in Sonnini and Latreille, Hist. Nat. Rept., Vol. 2, p. 40

uniformis, Sceloporus magister Lacertilia [:x]
Sceloporus magister uniformis Phelan and Brattstrom, 1955 - Herpetologica, Vol. 11, p. 7

uniformis, Uta stansburiana Lacertilia
Uta stansburiana uniformis Pack and Tanner, 1970 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 30, p. 87

uniparens, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus uniparens Wright and Lowe, 1965 - Journ. Arizona Acad. Sci., Vol. 3, p. 167

Urosaurus Lacertilia
Urosaurus Hallowell, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 92

Uta Lacertilia
Uta Baird and Girard, 1852 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 69

utahensis, Coleonyx variegatus Lacertilia
Coleonyx variegatus utahensis Klauber, 1945 - Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 10, No. 11, p. 171

utahensis, Eumeces skiltonianus Lacertilia
Eumeces skiltonianus utahensis Tanner, "1957" 1958 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 17, p. 67

utahensis, Leptotyphlops humilis Serpentes
Leptotyphlops humilis utahensis Tanner, 1938 - Proc. Utah Acad. Sci. Arts and Letters, Vol. 15, p. 149

utahensis, Xantusia vigilis Lacertilia
Xantusia vigilis utahensis Tanner, 1957 - Herpetologica, Vol. 13, p. 5

utricularius, Rana sphenocephala Salientia
Rana spenocephala utricularius Harlan, 1825 - Amer. Journal Sci. Arts, Vol. 10, p. 60


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vagrans, Aneides Caudata [nc][tc]
Aneides vagrans (Wake and Jackman, 1999)

vagrans, Thamnophis elegans Serpentes
Thamnophis elegans vagrans (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 35

valeriae, Virginia Serpentes
Virginia valeriae Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 127

vallaris, Sceloporus clarkii Lacertilia
Sceloporus clarkii vallaris Shannon and Urbano, 1954 - Herpetologica, Vol. 10, p. 189

valliceps, Bufo Salientia
Bufo valliceps Wiegmann, 1833 - Herpetologische Beitrage. Isis von Oken, Vol. 26, p. 657

vandenburghi, Trimorphodon biscutatus Serpentes [:x]
Trimorphodon biscutatus vandenburghi Klauber, 1924 - Bull. Zool. Soc. San Diego, No. 1, p. 17

vandenburgianus, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus vandenburgianus Cope, 1896 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 30, p. 834

vandenburgii, Diadophis punctatus Serpentes
Diadophis punctatus vandenburgii Blanchard, 1923 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 142, p. 5

vandykei, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon vandykei Van Denburgh, 1906 - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 3, Zool., Vol. 4, p. 61

variabilis, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus variabilis Wiegmann, 1834 - Herp. Mex., p. 51

variegatus, Coleonyx Lacertilia
Coleonyx variegatus (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 254

variegatus, Rhyacotriton Caudata
Rhyacotriton variegatus Stebbins and Lowe, 1951 - Univ. California Publ. Zool. Vol. 50, No. 4, p. 471

variolatus, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon variolatus (Gilliams, 1818) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 1, p. 460, pl. 18, fig. 1

variolosus, Hypopachus Salientia
Hypopachus variolosus (Cope, 1866) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 18, p. 131

vascotanneri, Thamnophis elegans Serpentes
Thamnophis elegans vascotanneri Tanner and Lowe, 1989 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 49, No. 4, p. 514

vehiculum, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon vehiculum (Cooper, 1860) - Rep. Expl. Surv. R.R. Route Mississippi-Pacific Ocean, 36th Cong. 1st Sess., House Ex. Doc. 56, Vol. 12, (Book 2, Pt. 3, No. 4), p. viii (list of illustrations), pl. 31, fig. 4

velatus, Bufo woodhousii Salientia
Bufo woodhousii velatus Bragg and Sanders, 1951 - Wasmann Journ. Biol. Vol. 9, p. 366, figs. 1-4

velox, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus velox Springer, 1928 - Copeia, p. 101

ventralis, Callisaurus draconoides Lacertilia
Callisaurus draconoides ventralis (Hallowell, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 6, p. 179

ventralis, Ophisaurus Lacertilia
Ophisaurus ventralis (Linnaeus, 1766) - Syst. Nat., 12th ed., Vol. 1, p. 391

ventralis, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon ventralis Highton, 1997

ventromaculatus, Plethodon welleri Caudata [:x]
Plethodon welleri ventromaculatus Thurow, 1956 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 55, p. 344

vermis, Carphophis Serpentes
Carphophis vermis (Kennicott, 1859) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 11, p. 99

vernalis, Liochlorophis Serpentes
Liochlorophis vernalis (Harlan, 1827) - Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 5, p. 361

verrucosa, Pseudacris nigrita Salientia
Pseudacris nigrita verrucosa (Cope, 1877) - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 17, p. 87

versa, Graptemys Testudines
Graptemys versa Stejneger, 1925 - Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., Vol. 15, No. 20, p. 463

versicolor, Hyla Salientia
Hyla versicolor Le Conte, 1825 - Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 281

vestigium, Crotaphytus Lacertilia
Crotaphytus vestigium Smith and Tanner, 1972 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 32, p. 29

victa, Storeria dekayi Serpentes
Storeria dekayi victa Hay, 1892 - Science, Ser. 1, Vol. 19, p. 199

vigilis, Xantusia Lacertilia
Xantusia vigilis Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 255

vilkinsonii, Trimorphodon biscutatus Serpentes
Trimorphodon biscutatus vilkinsonii Cope, 1886 - Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., Vol. 23, p. 285

vioscai, Pseudotriton ruber Caudata
Pseudotriton ruber vioscai Bishop, 1928 - Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 5, p. 247, pl. 15

virgatipes, Rana Salientia
Rana virgatipes Cope, 1891 - Amer. Nat., Vol. 25, p. 1017

virgatus, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus virgatus Smith, 1938 - Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 387, p. 11, map 1

Virginia Serpentes
Virginia Baird and Girard, 1853 - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 127

virginia, Plethodon Caudata [nc][tc]
Plethodon virginia Highton, 1999

virgultea, Salvadora hexalepis Serpentes
Salvadora hexalepis virgultea Bogert, 1935 - Bull. S. California Acad. Sci., Vol. 34, Pt. 1, p. 89

viridescens, Notophthalmus Caudata
Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque, 1820) - Ann. Nat., Lexington, Vol. 1, p. 5

viridis, Cnemidophorus sexlineatus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus sexlineatus viridis Lowe, 1966 - Journ. Arizona Acad. Sci., Vol. 4, p. 44

viridis, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus viridis Rafinesque, 1818 - Amer. Month. Mag. Crit. Rev., Vol. 4, No. 1, Nov. p. 41

vulpina, Elaphe Serpentes
Elaphe vulpina (Baird and Girard, 1853) - Cat. N. Amer. Rept., Pt. 1, p. 75


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wallacei, Haideotriton Caudata
Haideotriton wallacei Carr, 1939 - Occ. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 8, p. 335, pl. 11-12

waterlooensis, Eurycea Caudata [tc]
Eurycea waterlooensis Hillis, Chamberlain, Wilcox and Chippindale, 2001 - 2001 Herpetologica Vol. 57, Number 3, pages 266-280.

webbii, Elgaria multicarinata Lacertilia
Elgaria multicarinata webbii (Baird, 1858) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 255

websteri, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon websteri Highton, 1979 - Brimleyana, Vol. 1, p. 32

wehrlei, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon wehrlei Fowler and Dunn, 1917 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 69, p. 23, pl. 4

welleri, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon welleri Walker, 1931 - Proc. Junior Soc. Nat. Sci., Cincinnati, Vol. 2, p. 48

welteri, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus welteri Barbour, 1950 - Copeia, p. 277

wilcoxi, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla wilcoxi Stejneger, 1902 - Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., Vol. 25, p. 156

wilderae, Eurycea Caudata
Eurycea wilderae Dunn, 1920 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 33, p. 134

willardi, Crotalus Serpentes
Crotalus willardi Meek, 1905 - Field Columb. Mus. Publ. Zool., Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 18, pl. 3

williamengelsi, Nerodia sipedon Serpentes
Nerodia sipedon williamengelsi (Conant and Lazell, 1973) - Brevoria, Mus. Comp. Zool. [Harvard], No. 400, p. 3

wislizenii, Gambelia Lacertilia
Gambelia wislizenii (Baird and Girard, 1852) - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 67, p. 69

woodhousii, Bufo Salientia
Bufo woodhousii Girard, 1854 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 86

woodi, Sceloporus Lacertilia
Sceloporus woodi Stejneger, 1918 - Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. 31, p. 90

woodini, Lampropeltis pyromelana Serpentes
Lampropeltis pyromelana woodini Tanner, 1953 - Great Basin Nat., Vol. 13, No. 1-2, p. 54

wrighti, Batrachoseps Caudata

wrighti, Desmognathus Caudata
Desmognathus wrighti King, 1936 - Herpetologica, Vol. 1, p. 57, pl. 5

wrighti, Urosaurus ornatus Lacertilia [:x]
Urosaurus ornatus wrighti (Schmidt, 1921) - Amer. Mus. Nov., No. 22, p. 3
Batrachoseps wrightorum (Bishop, 1937) - Herpetologica, Vol. 1, p. 93, pl. 9

wrightorum, Storeria dekayi Serpentes
Storeria dekayi wrightorum Trapido, 1944 - Amer. Midland Nat., Vol. 31, p. 57, figs. 38-44, map 3

XYZ
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xanthonotus, Cnemidophorus Lacertilia
Cnemidophorus xanthonotus Duellman and Lowe, 1953 - Nat. Hist. Misc. [Chicago Acad. Sci.], No. 120, p. 2

xanthoptica, Ensatina eschscholtzii Caudata
Ensatina eschscholtzii xanthoptica Stebbins, 1949 - Univ. California Publ. Zool., Vol. 48, No. 6, p. 407, pl. 11, figs. 2 and 12

xanti, Phyllodactylus Lacertilia [:x]
Phyllodactylus xanti Cope, 1863 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 15, p. 102

Xantusia Lacertilia
Xantusia Baird, 1858 - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Vol. 10, p. 255

yaquia, Tantilla Serpentes
Tantilla yaquia Smith, 1942 - Zoologica, Vol. 27, p. 41

yavapaiensis, Rana Salientia [tc]
Rana yavapaiensis Platz and Frost, 1984 - Copeia, 940-948.

yonahlossee, Plethodon Caudata
Plethodon yonahlossee Dunn, 1917 - Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Vol. 37, p. 598

zaxanthus, Thamnophis Serpentes [tc]
Thamnophis zaxanthus Boundy, 1999 - Thamnophis atratus zaxanthus. 1999. Proc. California Acad. Sci. 51:328

zonata, Lampropeltis Serpentes
Lampropeltis zonata (Lockington, 1876 ex Blainville, 1835) - Proc. California Acad. Sci., Vol. 7, p. 52 ex Blainville, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris., Ser. 3, Vol. 4, p. 293
Translations and Common Names
Salamanders . Frogs and Toads . Turtles . Alligators and Crocodiles . Lizards . Snakes
Original Descriptions Index . Biographical Appendix . Mythological Appendix . Acknowledgements
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